PLANTAE / PHANEROGAMAE / ANTHOPHYTA / POALES / POACEAE / DANTHONIOIDEAE / TENAXIA / DURA

Tenaxia dura (Stapf) N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder
LC Indigenous
Morphological description

Perennial 600-900 mm high; rhizome short. Leaf blade to 600 x to 1.5 mm. Inflorescence 100-180 mm long, loosely contracted, slightly nodding. Spikelet 20-25 (including awns) x 6-8 mm, 4-7-flowered; glumes 13-18 mm long, 3-5-nerved; lemma 7-12 mm long (including lobes); lobes 4-7 mm long, terminating abruptly into a short awn; back glabrous except for marginal tufts of white hairs near the base and smaller tufts at base of central awn; central awn 10-15 mm long; anther 2.7-3.5 mm long. From: Fish, L; Mashau, AC. 2015. Tenaxia N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder. In: L Fish, AC Mashau, MJ Moeaha & MT Nembudani (eds), Identification guide to the southern Africa grasses. An identification manual with keys, descriptions and distributions. Strelitzia 36: 692-695. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Perennial, up to 0.9 m tall. Leaves linear; ligule a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence a loosely contracted panicle, slightly nodding. Spikelets 20-25 mm long, many-flowered; glumes equal, longer than spikelet (excluding awns), 3-5-nerved, 1-keeled near base; lemmas with tufts of hairs on margins at base and below central awn, lobes shortly awned, central awn 10-15 mm long, bent, twisted below; callus thick, truncate to rounded. From: Fish, L. 2013. Poaceae: Tenaxia. In: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 151-152. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Habitat

Stony or sandy soils; in arid areas. From: Fish, L; Mashau, AC. 2015. Tenaxia N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder. In: L Fish, AC Mashau, MJ Moeaha & MT Nembudani (eds), Identification guide to the southern Africa grasses. An identification manual with keys, descriptions and distributions. Strelitzia 36: 692-695. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Stony or sandy soils. From: Fish, L. 2013. Poaceae: Tenaxia. In: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 151-152. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Distribution

Endemic. NC, WC, EC. From: Fish, L; Mashau, AC. 2015. Tenaxia N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder. In: L Fish, AC Mashau, MJ Moeaha & MT Nembudani (eds), Identification guide to the southern Africa grasses. An identification manual with keys, descriptions and distributions. Strelitzia 36: 692-695. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

From Nieuwoudtville along mountains to Carnavon and Fraserburg. From: Fish, L. 2013. Poaceae: Tenaxia. In: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 151-152. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Flowering time

July to November

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: BODATSA: Data partners records:

Residence status

Occurrence in the Flora of Southern Africa (FSA) countries and South African provinces. Residence status indicates if a taxon is indigenous, endemic, naturalised or invasive in a specific region. This data is based on specimen records and literature

FSA

SA

BOT

NAM

ESW

LES

WC

EC

NC

FS

GA

KZN

LP

MP

NW

Absent

Indigenous

Endemic

Naturalised

Invasive

Names and Sources

Accepted name
Tenaxia dura (Stapf) N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder
Synonym(s)

Danthonia dura Stapf


Merxmuellera dura (Stapf) Conert


Classification

KINGDOM Plantae

SUBKINGDOM Phanerogamae

PHYLUM Anthophyta

ORDER Poales

FAMILY Poaceae

SUBFAMILY Danthonioideae

GENUS Tenaxia

SPECIES dura

31 results for Tenaxia dura (Stapf) N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder

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Specimen records

Barcode: PRE0030182-0 Collector(s) & number: Curator Pretoria Bot. Garden, PRE 25918 | 1920-10-

South Africa, Northern Cape, SUTHERLAND DIV.; ROGGEVELD; UITKYK FARM SLOPES NEAR HOUSE

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0030216-0 Collector(s) & number: Diels, FLE, 676 | 1900-9-15

South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG0161882-0 Collector(s) & number: Lechmere-Oertel, R, 822 | 1997-10-5

South Africa, Western Cape, Cederberg. Matjiesrivier Nature Reserve. Sandflats north of Stadsaal.

General notes: Plateau, plain. Well drained; yellow brown sandy soil. Slope: level. Acocks veld type: fynbos vegetation. Disturbance: unknown. Local common. Perennial tussock grass. Flower colour: green. Fruit clour: green. Plant height: 1 m.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG0078920-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, LE, 2739 | 1947-9-18

South Africa, Northern Cape, Calvinia. Ekerdam.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG0162123-0 Collector(s) & number: Moffett, 3797 | 1985-9-23

South Africa, Northern Cape, Summit of Ouberg Pass.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG0166638-0 Collector(s) & number: Ellis, RP, 2455 | 1975-10-16

South Africa, Northern Cape, Calvinia. 15km from Nieuwoudtville on road to Clanwilliam

General notes: Roadside ditch with accumulated damp. Fine, powdery sand.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0030184-0 Collector(s) & number: Drege, 8130 | 1929-11-1

South Africa, Eastern Cape, ZUURBERG; AUF STEINIGEN BERGPLATZEN

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG0078905-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, LE, 2789 | 1947-9-26

South Africa, Northern Cape, Calvinia. Ekerdam.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: SAM0017491-0 Collector(s) & number: Drege, s.n. | --

South Africa, Northern Cape, Between Pedroskloof and Leliefontein.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0463901-0 Collector(s) & number: Ellis, RP, 2455 | 1975-10-16

South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA; NIEUWOUDTVILLE; 15 KM. ON RD. TO CLANWILLIAM

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG0069678-0 Collector(s) & number: Middlemost, AJM, 2166 | 1961-7-22

South Africa, Northern Cape, Calvinia. Akkerdam, low slopes of Hantam Mts.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0031320-0 Collector(s) & number: Drege, PRE 34490 | --

South Africa, Northern Cape, LITTLE NAMAQUALAND; BETWEEN PEDROSKLOOF AND LILY FONTEIN

General notes: Fragment of Holotype. alt. 3000-4000 ft.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0463903-0 Collector(s) & number: Ellis, RP, 2464 | 1975-10-16

South Africa, Northern Cape, SUTHERLAND; MIDDELPOST; 55 KM. FROM MIDDELPOST ON RD. TO SUTHERLAND

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0685303-0 Collector(s) & number: Spies, JJ, 3127 | 1986-9-29

South Africa, Northern Cape, WES-KAAP; SUTHERLAND; 2KM VAN SUTHERLAND NA CALVINIA

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0030189-0 Collector(s) & number: Middlemost, AJM, 2166 | 1961-7-22

South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA DIV.; AKKERDAM; HANTAM MTS. LOW SLOPES

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0713479-0 Collector(s) & number: Davidse, G, 33393 | 1987-9-19

South Africa, Northern Cape, NIEUWOUDTVILLE AREA; NIEUWOUDTVILLE FLOWER RESERVE JUST E OF NIEUWOUDTVILLE. ON KOPPIE.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0681048-0 Collector(s) & number: Ellis, RP, 5107 | 1986-9-13

South Africa, Northern Cape, NIEUWOUDTVILLE DIST.; 18 KM S OF NIEUWOUDTVILLE ON OORLOGSKLOOF ROAD.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0894163-0 Collector(s) & number: Clark, VR, 85 | 2007-9-25

South Africa, Northern Cape, Farm Bankgaten 250 & Farm 488. Upper slopes and plateau of Nuweveldberge.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0727053-0 Collector(s) & number: Spies, JJ, 3381 | 1987-9-17

South Africa, Northern Cape, KAMIESBERG PASS

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0861881-0 Collector(s) & number: Smook, L, 12313 | 2013-9-13

South Africa, Northern Cape, Calvinia District; Tankwa Karoo National Park, Gannaga Pass.

General notes: Number of plants but just starting to flower.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0768280-0 Collector(s) & number: Van Oudtshoorn, FP, PRE 768280 | 1994-10-27

South Africa, Northern Cape, 10 km east of Nieuwoudtville on Calvinia road.

General notes: Moderate slope.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0030186-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 17295 | 1953-9-28

South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA DIV.; PERDEFONTEIN; S. BY E. OF CAVINIA

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0726915-0 Collector(s) & number: Spies, JJ, 3402 | 1987-9-19

South Africa, Northern Cape, 17 KM FROM NIEUWOUDTVILLE ON ROAD TO KLEINPLAAS

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0066214-0 Collector(s) & number: Ellis, RP, 1719 | 1973-9-26

South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA; NIEUWOUDTVILLE; LOKENBURG FARM

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0685022-0 Collector(s) & number: Spies, JJ, 3116 | 1986-9-13

South Africa, Northern Cape, NIEUWOUDTVILLE; 18 KM SOUTH OF NIEUWOUDTVILLE ON ROAD TO CLANWILLIAM. WESTERN MOUNTAIN KAROO.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0030187-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 16420 | 1952-8-27

South Africa, Northern Cape, CARNARVON DIST.; WATERVAL W. BY N. OF CARNAVON

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0030185-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 15150 | 1948-10-21

South Africa, Northern Cape, FRASERBURG DIV.; QUAGGASKOP HILLS

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0819253-0 Collector(s) & number: Davidse, G, 34034 | 1987-10-13

South Africa, Northern Cape, Calvinia District: 18km West of Calvinia on road to Nieuwoudtville.

General notes: Det: R.P. Ellis

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0742604-0 Collector(s) & number: Spies, JJ, 3852 | 1988-10-13

South Africa, Western Cape, UITKYK SE KOP; BEYOND DRIEHOEK

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0030188-0 Collector(s) & number: Poggenpoel, C, 8274 | 1948-1-

South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA; DE HOOP

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0463902-0 Collector(s) & number: Ellis, RP, 2465 | 1975-10-17

South Africa, Northern Cape, SUTHERLAND; SUTHERLAND; 5 KM. S. ON RD. TO MATJIESFONTEIN, IN KLOOF

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Plant occurence records per dataset

Plant occurence records per year

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: BODATSA: Data partners records:

2015

SERIES CHAPTER

Tenaxia N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder Fish, L; Mashau, AC

In: L Fish, AC Mashau, MJ Moeaha & MT Nembudani (eds), Identification guide to the southern Africa grasses. An identification manual with keys, descriptions and distributions. Strelitzia 36: 692-695

South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria

2013

SERIES CHAPTER

Poaceae: Tenaxia Fish, L

In: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 151-152

South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria

2010

PERIODICAL/JOURNAL

A generic classification of the Danthonioideae (Poaceae) Linder, HP; Baeza, CM; Barker, NP; Galley, CA; Humphreys, AM; Lloyd, KM; Orlovich, DA; Pirie, MD; Simon, BK; Walsh, N; Verboom, GA

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 97(3)306-364

1970

PERIODICAL/JOURNAL

Conert, HJ

Senckenbergiana Biologica 51(5/6)

1897

FLORA

Stapf, O

Flora Capensis 7: 310-750

Lovell Reeve & Co., London

No results found for Tenaxia dura (Stapf) N.P.Barker & H.P.Linder

Status

Status and criteria

LC

Assessor(s)

Plantae Coordinator

Bibliography

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laws, R.M. and Taylor, R.J.F. 1957. A mass dying of crabeater seals, <i>Lobodon carcinophagus</i> (Gray). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 129:315-324

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siniff, D.B. and Bengtson, J.L. 1977. Observations and hypotheses concerning the interactions among crabeater seals, leopard seals and killer whales. Journal of Mammalogy. 58:414-416

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siniff, D.B., Stirling, I., Bengtson, J.L. and Reichle, R.A. 1979. Social and reproductive behavior of crabeater seals (<i>Lobodon carcinophagus</i>) during the austral spring. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 57:2243-2255

ELECTRONIC SOURCE
IUCN 2015. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015-4

BOOK SECTION
Erickson, A.W. and Hanson, M.B. 1990. Continental estimates and population trends of antarctic ice seals. Edited by K.R. Kerry and G. Hempel. Antarctic Ecosystems. Ecological change and conservation. Springer-Verlag

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Learmonth, J.A., Macleod, C.D., Santos, M.B., Pierce, G.J., Crick, H.Q.P. and Robinson, R.A 2006. Potential effects of climate change on marine mammals. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review. 44:431-464

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