e-Key v3 - *Vaccaria
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Interactive keys to the identification of seed plants of southern Africa using keys based on plant morphology.

Caryophyllaceae - Caryophylloideae - Caryophylleae - *Vaccaria Wolf

Description :

  • Erect, glabrous annual herbs, dichotomously branched
  • Leaves opposite, ovate or lanceolate, glaucous, clasping at base; stipules 0
  • Inflorescences lax terminal dichasia
  • Flowers bisexual; antherophore present
  • Calyx : tube inflated below, whitish, prominently 5-ribbed, accrescent and becoming 5-winged in fruit, without scarious commissures; epicalyx 0
  • Petals 5, clawed; limb notched, exserted from calyx, pink or purple; coronal scales 0
  • Stamens 10, those opposite petals attached to claw; filaments slender
  • Ovary 2-locular below, 1-locular above; ovules many on free-central placenta; styles 2, linear, several times as long as ovary, glandular
  • Fruit a capsule, oblong to globular, membranous, enclosed in persistent calyx tube, with papery exocarp, dehiscent by 4 teeth, endocarp membranous, dehiscing irregularly
  • Seeds many, reniform or subglobose, minutely tuberculate, black
  • x = 10 (aneuploids, polyploidy)

Nomenclature:

  • *Vaccaria Wolf
    • Wolf: 146 (1776)
    • Wolf: 234 (1781)
    • Medikus: 96 (1789)
    • Pax: 76 (1889)
    • Burtt Davy: 149 (1926)
    • Chater: 186 (1964)
    • Rauschert: 494 (1965)
    • Henderson & Anderson: 134 (1966)
    • Rauschert: 52 (1966)
    • Zohary: 104 (1966)
    • Friedrich: 977 (1979)
    • Léonard: 297 (1985)
    • Rechinger: 337 (1988)
    • Bittrich: 231 (1993)

Distribution & Notes:

  • Global : Species 1 or 4, central and eastern Europe, Mediterranean, temperate Asia
  • Southern Africa : Species 1, introduced: * Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rausch. var. hispanica, introduced , North-West, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Free State, Western and Eastern Cape

References:

  • BITTRICH, V. 1993. Caryophyllaceae . In K. Kubitzki, J.G. Rohwer & V. Bittrich, The families and genera of vascular plants - dicotyledons 2. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
  • BURTT DAVY, J. 1926. Caryophyllaceae . A manual of the flowering plants and ferns of the Transvaal with Swaziland 1. Longmans, London
  • CHATER, A.O. 1964. Caryophyllaceae . Subfamily Alsinoideae . Vaccaria . Flora europaea 1
  • FRIEDRICH, H.C. 1979. Caryophyllaceae . In G. Hegi, Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa , edn 2; 3,2
  • HENDERSON, M.D. & ANDERSON, J.G. 1966. Common weeds in South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa No. 37
  • LÉONARD, J. 1985. Combinaisons nouvelles dans le genre Vaccaria Wolf ( Caryophyllaceae ). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 55
  • MEDIKUS, F.K. 1789. Vaccaria . Philosophische Botanik 1. Hof- und Akademische Buchhandlung, Mannheim
  • PAX, F. 1889. Caryophyllaceae . Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 3,1b
  • RAUSCHERT, S. 1965. Zur Flora Thüringens und der nordöstlich angrenzenden Gebiete. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg 14
  • RAUSCHERT, S. 1966. Zur Nomenklatur der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Feddes Repertorium 73
  • RECHINGER, K.H. 1988. Caryophyllaceae II. Vaccaria . Flora Iranica 163
  • WOLF, N.M. 1776. Vaccaria . Genera plantarum 1,1 . Müller, Danzig
  • WOLF, N.M. 1781. Vaccaria . Genera et species plantarum . Kanter, Marienwerder
  • ZOHARY, M. 1966. Caryophyllaceae . Flora Palaestina 1

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