Leaves
alternate, entire to pinnatifid; stipules 0
Flowers
regular, borne in axils of reduced leaves, often clustered near ends of stems, opening either near sunset or near sunrise and usually fading within a day
Sepals
4, caducous, floral tube present
Petals
4, yellow, white or rose-purple, usually entire
Stamens
8; anthers linear; pollen shed singly
Ovary
with many pluriseriate or uniseriate ovules in each locule; stigma deeply 4-lobed
Capsule
stout, loculicidal
Seeds
lacking hairs, not embedded in endocarp, usually brown
x = 7 (high polyploidy, B-chromosomes)
Nomenclature:
*Oenothera
L.
Linnaeus: 346 (1753)
Harvey: 505 (1862)
Munz: 78 (1965)
Dietrich: 425 (1977)
Raven: 330 (1978)
Dietrich & Raven: 29 (1985)
Frean et al.: 449 (1997)
Goldblatt & Raven: 157 (1997)
Distribution & Notes:
Global
: Species ± 125, all native to North and South America, but widely naturalised in the Old World
Southern Africa
: Species 14, in all countries and provinces
References:
DIETRICH, W. 1977. The South American species of
Oenothera
(Raimannia, Renneria;
Onagraceae
).
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
64
DIETRICH, W. & RAVEN, P.H. 1985. Revision of
Oenothera
sect. Oenothera subsect.
Emersonia
(
Onagraceae
).
Systematic Botany
10,1
FREAN, M., BALKWILL, K., GOLD, C. (née Anderson) & BURT, S. 1997. The expanding distributions and invasiveness of
Oenothera
in southern Africa.
South African Journal of Botany
63
LINNAEUS, C. 1753.
Species plantarum
. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm
MUNZ, P.A. 1965.
Onagraceae
. In C.T. Rogers,
North American Flora
, ser. 2,5. The New York Botanical Garden, New York
RAVEN, P.H. 1978.
Onagraceae
.
Flora zambesiaca
4
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