Flowers
in umbels opposite leaves; umbels compound with few rays; involucre absent; corolla larger on outside flowers than on inner ones
Calyx
of 5 small, acute teeth, persistent
Petals
obovate, emarginate, with inflexed point, white
Fruit
grooved at sides, covered with stiff, straight bristles; mericarps circular in section, without ridges
x = 6 (8, 11) (polyploidy)
Nomenclature:
Torilis
Adans.
Adanson: 99 (1763)
Sonder: 564 (1862)
Burtt: 251 (1991)
Pimenov & Leonov: 113 (1993)
Distribution & Notes:
Global
: Species ± 15, Africa and adjacent areas
Southern Africa
: Species 1:
Torilis arvensis
(Huds.) Links (=
T. africana
(Thunb.) Spreng.), doubtfully indigenous to South Africa, mostly in the Cape coastal districts; another species, *
T. nodosa
(L.) Gaertn., occurs sporadically as an escape
References:
ADANSON, M. 1763.
Familles des plantes
2. Facsimile edn: Cramer, Lehre
BURTT, B.L. 1991.
Umbelliferae
of southern Africa: an introduction and annotated checklist.
Edinburgh Journal of Botany
48
PIMENOV, M.G. & LEONOV, M.V. 1993.
The genera of the
Umbelliferae
. A nomenclator
. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
SONDER, W. 1862.
Umbelliferae
.
Flora capensis
2
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