Flowers
in lateral, pedunculate racemes, with many bracteate male flowers above and 1 or 2 female flowers at base
Petals
0
Male flowers
: calyx 3-partite, valvate above, at length with lobes folded inwards and resembling a disc; stamens 3(4), alternating with sepals; filaments united into a short column; anthers at first erect and later becoming reflexed, apiculate, with longitudinal, introrse dehiscence; ovary usually 0
Female flowers
: calyx 6-partite; lobes pinnately 8-10-lacinulate on each side; ovary 3-lobed, with single ovule in each locule, hispid; styles 3, united almost to apex into a slender tube, with spreading stigmas
Fruit
a 3-didymous capsule, dehiscing into 3-bivalved cocci; pericarp thin, crustaceous; endocarp woody; columella trifid, not persistent
Baillon: 466, t. 21 (1858) in sense of some authors
Webster: 94 (1994), endemic to Madagascar but doubtfully separable
Distribution & Notes:
Global
: Species 5, Africa
Southern Africa
: Species 1:
Tragiella natalensis
(Sond.) Pax & K.Hoffm. in eastern parts
References:
BAILLON, H. 1858.
Étude générale du groupe des Euphorbiacées
. Victor Masson, Paris
PAX, F. & HOFFMANN, K. 1919.
Euphorbiaceae
-
Acalypheae
-
Plukenetiinae
.
Das Pflanzenreich
147, 9 (Heft 68)
RADCLIFFE-SMITH, A. 1987.
Euphorbiaceae
.
Flora of tropical East Africa
.
Euphorbiaceae
Part 1
RADCLIFFE-SMITH, A. 1996.
Euphorbiaceae
.
Flora zambesiaca
9, 4
WEBSTER, G.L. 1994. Synopsis of the genera and suprageneric taxa of
Euphorbiaceae
.
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
81
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