Annual or perennial herbs, glabrous or with simple hairs
Leaves
pinnate, trifoliolate or more rarely simple
Inflorescences
terminal, ebracteate racemes
Sepals
erect, spreading, not or hardly saccate
Petals
obovate, rounded or emarginate, clawed, white, mauve, lilac or purple
Stamens
4 or 6; filaments without appendages
Nectaries
at base of short filaments ring-shaped, closed or open on inner side; median nectaries small or absent
Fruit
a linear or linear-lanceolate siliqua; valves flat; midrib immersed, obscure; valves opening suddenly and coiling spirally from base
Seeds
flattened, broadly elliptic to oblong, in 1 row; cotyledons accumbent
x = 8 (aneuploids, high polyploidy)
Nomenclature:
Cardamine
L.
Linnaeus: 654 (1753)
Linnaeus: 295 (1754)
Sonder: 23 (1860)
Schulz: 280 (1903)
Schulz: 527 (1936)
Adamson: 422 (1950)
Phillips: 351 (1951)
Exell: 189 (1960)
Jones: 285 (1964)
Marais: 100 (1970)
Jonsell: 38 (1982)
Hilliard & Burtt: 275 (1982)
Marhold: 397 (1995)
Distribution & Notes:
Global
: Species 130, cosmopolitan
Southern Africa
: Species 5: 2 natural:
Cardamine africana
L. (widespread) and
C. trichocarpa
Hochst. ex A.Rich. (restricted to KwaZulu-Natal), 3 introduced and naturalised: *
C. flexuosa
With. (KwaZulu-Natal), *
C. hirsuta
L. (widespread) and *
C. impatiens
L. (widespread)
References:
ADAMSON, R.S. 1950.
Cruciferae
Juss. In R.S. Adamson & T.M. Salter,
Flora of the Cape Peninsula
. Juta, Cape Town
EXELL, A.W. 1960.
Cruciferae
.
Flora zambesiaca
1
HILLIARD, O.M. & BURTT, B.L. 1982. Notes on some plants of southern Africa.
Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
40
SCHULZ, O.E. 1936.
Cruciferae
.
Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien
II,17b
SONDER, O.W. 1860.
Crucifereae
.
Flora capensis
1
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