Evergreen or deciduous climbing shrubs or bushes, rarely trees, with straight to curved spines (at least on juvenile parts); dioecious
Leaves
distichously or spirally arranged, penninerved, petiolate, glabrous; stipules lateral, free or connate on spine-forming branchlets
Inflorescences
many-flowered globose heads in leaf axils, solitary or in pairs, bracteate, with yellow dye-containing glands embedded in tepals and bracts
Tepals
4, free or connate at base
Stamens
4, inflexed in bud; pistillode present in male flowers
Ovary
free or lower part adnate to perianth; stigmas 2, unequal, or 1, filiform
Fruit
a globose syncarp, indehiscent, pulpy, yellow to orange, formed from enlarged tepals and bracts of heads of flowers, with achenes embedded in pulp
Seeds
rather small, without endosperm; cotyledons thin, equal and plicate
x = 14
Nomenclature:
Maclura
Nutt.
Nuttall: 233 (1818) name conserved
Endlicher: 34 (1847)
Engler: 74 (1889)
Berg: 241 (1986)~(Page number suspect - No access to the publication)
Berg: 6 (1989)
Berg: 18 (1991)
Chlorophora
Gaudich.
Gaudichaud-Beaupré: 508 (1830)
Bentham: 363 (1880) in part excluding African species
Cardiogyne
Bureau
Bureau: 232 (1873)
Rendle: 24 (1916)
Brown & Hutchinson: 522 (1920)
Berg: 359 (1977)
Maclura
Nutt. section
Cardiogyne
(Bureau) Corner
Corner: 237 (1962)
Distribution & Notes:
Global
: Species 11, mainly tropical in the Old and New World; only 1 in Africa extending from SE Kenya into southern Africa and also in Madagascar
Southern Africa
: Species 1:
Maclura africana
(Bureau) Corner, Northern Province, Mpumalanga to N KwaZulu-Natal
References:
BENTHAM, G. 1880. Tribus
Moreae
. In G. Bentham & J.D. Hooker,
Genera plantarum
3. Lovell Reeve & Co., London
BERG, C.C. 1977. Revisions of African
Moraceae
(excluding
Dorstenia
,
Ficus
,
Masanga
, and
Myrianthus
).
Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique
47
BERG, C.C. 1986. Subdivision of
Ficus
subgen.
Urostigma
sect.
Galoglychia
(
Moraceae
).
Proceedings van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen
, Ser. C, 89
BERG, C.C. 1989.
Flora of tropical East Africa
.
Moraceae
BUREAU, E. 1873.
Moraceae
. In A. de Candolle,
Prodromus
17. Masson & Sons, Paris
CORNER, E.J.H. 1962. The classification of
Moraceae
.
Gardens' Bulletin Singapore
19
ENDLICHER, S.L. 1847.
Moreae
.
Genera plantarum supplementum quartum
. Beck, Vienna
ENGLER, A. 1889.
Moraceae
.
Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien
3,1
GAUDICHAUD-BEAUPRÉ, C. 1830. In M.L. de Freycinet,
Voyage autour du monde ... executé sur les corvettes de S.M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne. Botanique
. Pillet-ainé, Paris
NUTTALL, T. 1818.
Maclura
.
The genera of North American plants
2. Published by the author, Philadelphia
RENDLE, A.B. 1916.
Moraceae
.
Morus
&
Cardiogyne
.
Flora of tropical Africa
6,2
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