Annual to biennial branched herbs, with taproots; stems and leaves usually glaucous, ± glandular-pilose; sap yellow
Leaves large, basal ones rosulate, petiolate; cauline ones alternate, sessile, often amplexicaul, ± lobed or toothed, pinnately incised or divided
Inflorescences axillary or terminal, 1-flowered, bracteate
Flowers hypogynous, long-pedicelled
Sepals 2, distinct, caducous
Petals 4, convolute in bud, yellow, orange or red, caducous
Stamens (7)10-30, free
Ovary of 2 connate carpels separated by a false septum into 2 cells, elongated, glabrous or with hairs or bristles, placenta rib-shaped; style 0 or indistinct; stigma distinctly 2-lobed
Fruit a capsule, opening by 2 basipetal or acropetal valves to varying degree, straight, curved or coiled; locule filled with pithy placental proliferation
Seeds many, dark brown, subglobose or reniform, reticulate-pitted
x = 6
Nomenclature:
*Glaucium Mill.
Miller: [547] (1754)
Bentham: 53 (1862)
Fedde: 92 (1936)
Zohary: 230 (1966)
Meikle: 80 (1977)
Mory: 499 (1979)
Kadereit: 503 (1993)
Kiger: 302 (1997)
Distribution & Notes:
Global: Species ± 23; from Atlantic Europe, Canary Islands to central Asia
Southern Africa: Species 1: *Glaucium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph, recorded as a garden escape, Northern and Western Cape
References:
BENTHAM, G. 1862. Papaveraceae. In G. Bentham & J.D. Hooker, Genera plantarum 1. Lovell Reeve & Co., London
FEDDE, F.F. 1936. Papaveraceae. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, edn 2,17b
KADEREIT, J.W. 1993. Papaveraceae. In K. Kubitzki, J.G. Rohwer & V. Bittrich, The families and genera of vascular plants - dicotyledons 2. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
KIGER, R.W. 1997. Papaveraceae. Glaucium. Flora of North America north of Mexico 3
MEIKLE, R.D. 1977. Papaveraceae. Flora of Cyprus 1
MILLER, P. 1754. The gardener's dictionary, abridgement 4. Vol. 3. Rivington, London
MORY, B. 1979. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Sippenstruktur der Gattung Glaucium Miller (Papaveraceae). Feddes Repertorium 89
ZOHARY, M. 1966. Papaveraceae. Flora Palaestina 1
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