Rosaceae - Rosoideae - Potentilleae - *Duchesnea Sm.
Description:
Small perennial herbs with creeping stolons, rooting at nodes
Leaves palmately 3(-5)-foliolate, long petiolate; stipules lanceolate, adnate to base of petiole
Flowers bisexual, axillary, solitary
Epicalyx usually 5-lobed, sometimes 4-lobed, larger than calyx
Calyx 5-lobed
Petals 5, yellow
Stamens ± 20
Gynoecium of many free carpels, inserted on a convex receptacle; ovules solitary; style lateral, deciduous
Fruit of many, minute achenes, spread on surface of slightly enlarged, spongy, deciduous, bright red receptacle
Seed without endosperm
x = 7 (high polyploidy)
Classification Notes:
Sometimes included in Potentilla L.
Nomenclature:
*Duchesnea Sm.
Smith: 372 (1811)
Focke: 33 (1894)
Valentine: 48 (1968)
Bailey & Bailey: 403 (1977)
Distribution & Notes:
Global: Species 6, Indo-Malayan region and the Far East (China and Japan)
Southern Africa: *Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke, Yellow or Indian Strawberry, occurs as an escape under damp conditions and is becoming fairly widespread, especially in KwaZulu-Natal, also naturalised in Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Swaziland and Eastern Cape
References:
BAILEY, L.H. & BAILEY, E.Z. 1977. Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Cydonia, Duchesnea, Fragaria, Potentilla, Prunus, Pyracantha, Pyrus, Rosa & Sanguisorba (= Poterium). Hortus Third, a concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada. Macmillan, New York
FOCKE, W.O. 1894. Rosaceae. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 3,3
SMITH, J.E. 1811. A description of Duchesnea fragiformis, constituting a new genus of the Natural Order of Senticosae of Linnaeus, Rosaceae of Jussieu. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 10
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