PLANTAE / PHANEROGAMAE / ANTHOPHYTA / PIPERALES / HYDNORACEAE / HYDNORA / AFRICANA
Holoparasitic; plant consisting of fleshy, rhizome-like underground parts, bearing vermiform outgrowths connecting to roots of host. Flowers large, 80-150 mm high, solitary, buds developing underground, emerging at anthesis. Perianth of 3 or 4 tepals, united into a fleshy cylindrical tube; lobes valvate, connate at apex to form 3 or 4 round openings; inner surface flesh-coloured with a white bait body, emitting a foetid smell, outer surface cracked, brown. Stamens 3 or 4, arising at apex of tube; anthers forming a lobed ring of many, elongate, fused thecae. Ovary inferior, 1-locular; style absent; stigma of 3 or 4 ridged lobes. Flowering time Oct.-Mar. Fruit underground berry, with leathery wall. Seeds ± 20000, in gelatinous pulp. From: Bredenkamp, CL. 2019. Hydnoraceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2): 1120-1120. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Leafless root parasite, exposed by up to 150 mm, without chlorophyll. Flower 1, club-shaped, fleshy and warty or scaly, with 3, erect, ciliate tepals, tepal lobes 22-45 mm long, with tips usually lightly joined at anthesis, forming 3, large, elliptic, lateral openings, brown with orange inside, foetid-smelling. From: Snijman, DA. 2013. Hydnoraceae. In: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 31-31. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Achlorophyllous root parasite to 15 cm. Leafless Flower solitary, fleshy and warty or scaly, clavate with 3 or 4 lobes connate at tips, brown with orange inside. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Palaeodicotyledons. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 49-50. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Parasitic on roots of Euphorbia, Acacia and Albizia species; Sub-Escarpment Grassland, Albany Thicket. From: Bredenkamp, CL. 2019. Hydnoraceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2): 1120-1120. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Parasitic on Euphorbia caput-medusae, E. mauritanica and E. rhombifolia. From: Snijman, DA. 2013. Hydnoraceae. In: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 31-31. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Parasitic on Euphorbia. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Palaeodicotyledons. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 49-50. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Southern Namibia: Namuskluft to Cape Peninsula to E Cape. From: Snijman, DA. 2013. Hydnoraceae. In: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 31-31. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
S Namibia to Cape Peninsula to E Cape, KwaZulu-Natal. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Palaeodicotyledons. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 49-50. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
August
30 to 915 m
This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations
Occurrence in the Flora of Southern Africa (FSA) countries and South African provinces. Residence status indicates if a taxon is indigenous, endemic, naturalised or invasive in a specific region. This data is based on specimen records and literature
FSA
SA
BOT
NAM
ESW
LES
WC
EC
NC
FS
GA
KZN
LP
MP
NW
Absent
Indigenous
Endemic
Naturalised
Invasive
Names and Sources
| Common name | Language | Reference/barcode | Published as |
|---|---|---|---|
| ?t'nau | Xhosa | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| Baviaanskos | Afrikaans | Compton, RH; Rice, EG. 1950. Wild Flowers of the Cape of Good Hope. Bot.Soc. SA, Cape Town. | |
| Baviaanskost | Afrikaans | Martin, ARH; Noel, ARA. 1960. Flora of Albany and Bathurst, The. Dept Botany, Rhodes University, Grahamstown. | |
| Bobbejaankos | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| bobbejaankos | Afrikaans | Bredenkamp, CL. 2019. Hydnoraceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2): 1120-1120. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. | |
| Bobbejaankos | Afrikaans | Phillips, EP; Smith, CA; Van Hoepen, E. 1966. Common names of South African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. South Africa 35: 1-642. Government Printer, Pretoria. | |
| Bobbejaankos | Afrikaans | Pooley, ES. 1998. A field guide to wildflowers KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern region, 1 ed. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban. | |
| bobbejaan's kos | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| Bobbejaanskos | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| idolo-lenkonyane | Xhosa | Pooley, ES. 1998. A field guide to wildflowers KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern region, 1 ed. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban. | |
| jackal food | English | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| Jackal food | English | Batten, AU; Bokelmann, HL. 1966. Wild Flowers of the Eastern Cape Province. Books of Africa, Cape Town. | |
| jackal food | English | Bredenkamp, CL. 2019. Hydnoraceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2): 1120-1120. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. | |
| Jackal food | English | Pooley, ES. 1998. A field guide to wildflowers KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern region, 1 ed. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban. | |
| Jakhalskost | Afrikaans | Compton, RH; Rice, EG. 1950. Wild Flowers of the Cape of Good Hope. Bot.Soc. SA, Cape Town. | |
| Jakkalsbos | Afrikaans | Powrie, LW. 2004. Common names of Karoo plants. Strelitzia: . National Botanical Institute, Pretoria. | |
| Jakkalskos | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| Jakkalskos | Afrikaans | Phillips, EP; Smith, CA; Van Hoepen, E. 1966. Common names of South African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. South Africa 35: 1-642. Government Printer, Pretoria. | |
| Jakkalskos | Afrikaans | Pooley, ES. 1998. A field guide to wildflowers KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern region, 1 ed. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban. | |
| Kanni(p) | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| kannip | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| Kannip | Afrikaans | Phillips, EP; Smith, CA; Van Hoepen, E. 1966. Common names of South African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. South Africa 35: 1-642. Government Printer, Pretoria. | |
| Kaw-imp | Afrikaans | Phillips, EP; Smith, CA; Van Hoepen, E. 1966. Common names of South African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. South Africa 35: 1-642. Government Printer, Pretoria. | |
| Kuns | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| T'nau | Afrikaans | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| ubuklunga | Xhosa | Pooley, ES. 1998. A field guide to wildflowers KwaZulu-Natal and the eastern region, 1 ed. Natal Flora Publications Trust, Durban. | |
| uMafumbaka | Zulu | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| umafumbuka | Zulu | Acocks, JPH. 1976. Field notebooks (1936-1976). | |
| uMavumbuka | Zulu | Balkwill, K; Williams, VL; Witkowski, ETF. 2001. A lexicon of plants traded in the Witwatersrand umuthi shops, South Africa, Bothalia 31(1&2): 71-98. |
Classification
KINGDOM Plantae
SUBKINGDOM Phanerogamae
PHYLUM Anthophyta
ORDER Piperales
FAMILY Hydnoraceae
GENUS Hydnora
SPECIES africana
53 results for Hydnora africana Thunb.
Year
Barcode: PRE0369158-0 Collector(s) & number: MacOwan, P, 1724 | 1885-11-
South Africa, Eastern Cape, JANSENVILLE; WOLWEFONTEIN
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369092-0 Collector(s) & number: Galpin, EE, 3189 | 1898-3-2
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EAST LONDON; BUFFALO RIVER; 2ND CREEK
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369098-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 17363 | 1953-10-12
South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA DIV.; LOKENBURG
General notes: 2 photos of Hydnora africana.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369091-0 Collector(s) & number: Venter, HJT, 3273 | 1967-2-9
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EAST LONDON DIST.; KIDDS BEACH 30MI. W. OF EAST LONDON
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0581273-0 Collector(s) & number: Smith, CA, PRE 64032 | 1937-8-
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Jointed cactus eradication camp Mpofaan, between Tugela Ferry and Keats (Bridge) Drift.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369088-0 Collector(s) & number: Long, FR, 1322 | 1934-11-4
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EASTERN CAPE; JANSENVILLE
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0766257-0 Collector(s) & number: Burgoyne, PM, 3 | 2001-1-3
South Africa, Western Cape, Bellville District. N of Cape Town; ± 1 km beyond turn-off to Grotto Bay.
General notes: Slope: none. Upright root parasite. Parasiting Euphorbia caput-medusae.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369159-0 Collector(s) & number: Schmidt, AA, 602 | 1937-7-
South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA DIV.
General notes: JAKHALSBOS [farm? or vernacular plant name]
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369043-0 Collector(s) & number: Smith, CA, PRE 52485 | --
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, TUGELA VALLEY
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0101254-0 Collector(s) & number: Cunningham, AB, 2520 | 1987-4-27
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Umlazi. Bought from Nongoma District.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369089-0 Collector(s) & number: Tyson, W, TRV 19227 | 1917-8-
South Africa, Eastern Cape, KOWIE WEST
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0854738-0 Collector(s) & number: Voigt, WE, 67 | 2009-1-23
Angola, Namibe Province. 80 km E of Namibe - next to Granite Inselberg on main road between Lubango and Namibe.
General notes: No slope. Light shade to shade. Plant height: < 7 cm.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369198-0 Collector(s) & number: Gerstner, J, 6309 | 1955-8-
Namibia, TSCHAUNAUP
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0650300-0 Collector(s) & number: Oliver, EGH, 144 | 1977-8-26
South Africa, Northern Cape, LEKKERSING; KARUCHABPOORT
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369097-0 Collector(s) & number: Dumsday, A, 6653 | 1925-10-4
South Africa, Western Cape, CAPE PENINSULA; HONDEKLIP BAY; BETWEEN LLANDUDNOW AND HOUTBAY
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369096-0 Collector(s) & number: Marloth, HWR, 10559 | --
South Africa, Western Cape, MALMESBURY DIST; HOPEFIELD
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1570152-0 Collector(s) & number: Hatt, S.A., 20 | 2023-9-26
South Africa, Western Cape, Karoo Desert Botanical Garden, along one of the eastern paths.
General notes: Study Site 1. Under and confirmed attachment to host plant Euphorbia mauritanica (Hatt 23). DNA samples collected in silica and frozen on dry ice.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369099-0 Collector(s) & number: Doidge, EM, PRE 16783 | 1917-11-
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EAST LONDON
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1570153-0 Collector(s) & number: Hatt, S.A., 27 | 2023-9-27
South Africa, Western Cape, Haakgat, off Otto du Plessis Drive, Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, S of Melkbosstrand.
General notes: Study Site 5. Under and attached to Euphorbia burmanni (Hatt 31). DNA samples collected in silica and frozen on dry ice.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG0267024-0 Collector(s) & number: Bruyns, P, 11226 | 2008-7-10
South Africa, Cape Province, Pofadder Dist. Naroep, on quartzitic slopes.
General notes: Alt. 850 m. Parasite on Euphorbia gregaria on quartzitic slopes.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369093-0 Collector(s) & number: Wood, JM, PRE 52471 | 1900-10-6
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EAST LONDON; NAHOON RIVER
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0796363-0 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 10117 | 1987-1-19
Namibia, Farm Altdorn 3. 27°54'S ; 17°41'E.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369156-1 Collector(s) & number: Pole-Evans, IB, PRE 3023 | 1925-11-19
South Africa, Western Cape, WORCESTER
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0581299-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 17363 | 1953-10-12
South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA DIV.; LOKENBURG
General notes: 2 photos of Hydnora africana.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369095-0 Collector(s) & number: Buys, L, 34 | 1964-10-
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EAST LONDON
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0983914-0 Collector(s) & number: Vahrmeijer, J(H), HV00385 | 2001-12-12
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Tembe Park.
General notes: No slope. Root parasite. Growing on roots of Terminalia sericea. Massive underground parts. Strongly scented. Very rare. Voucher: photo.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0581272-0 Collector(s) & number: Story, R, 5162 | 1955-8-
Namibia, Nama Pan.
General notes: Slide.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1570167-0 Collector(s) & number: Hatt, S.A., 41 | 2023-10-3
South Africa, Northern Cape, Cornellskop, N face, near junction of roads to Sendelingsdrif and Bloeddrif.
General notes: Study Site 12. 1 m from Euphorbia mauritanica, to which it was attached (Hatt 42).
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0563456-0 Collector(s) & number: Burgoyne, PM, 7981 | 2000-2-2
South Africa, Northern Cape, Namaqualand District: Aggeneys - Black Mountain Mine. ± 1 km WNW of Black Mountain Mine.
General notes: Nama Karroo. Rocky scrubland. Hill slope. Stony soil. Well-drained. Sand. Quartzite. Full sun. Gentle slope. Biotic effect: none seen. Parasite on roots of Euphorbia. Plant ± 10 cm high, body divided into 3 segments smelling of rotting meat. Rare. Voucher: photo. Flowers: crimson. Occasional.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369042-0 Collector(s) & number: de Victoria, M, PRE 52484 | --
South Africa, Eastern Cape, KING WILLIAMS TOWN D; CONVENT OF THE SACRED HEART
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369090-2 Collector(s) & number: Smith, CA, 3852 | 1927-1-
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EAST LONDON; [BUFFALO RIVER] NEAR SECOND CREEK
General notes: Parasitic on roots of Euphorbia triangularis trees [sheet 2 showing attachment to host]. [Flowers] arising from stout tubercled, almost 4-angled underground brittle rhizome with reddish 'flesh'. Plant brown externally, tubercled and rugose, bright red or pinkish internally. Ht: 4"-6".
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369157-0 Collector(s) & number: Spence, J, 8005 | 1911-1-
South Africa, Eastern Cape, QUEENSTOWN DIV.; WHITE KEI RIVER; GWATYN
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369156-2 Collector(s) & number: Pole-Evans, IB, PRE 3023 | 1925-11-19
South Africa, Western Cape, WORCESTER
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0581298-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 17363 | 1953-10-12
South Africa, Northern Cape, CALVINIA DIV.; LOKENBURG
General notes: 2 photos of Hydnora africana.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0369090-1 Collector(s) & number: Smith, CA, 3852 | 1927-1-
South Africa, Eastern Cape, EAST LONDON; [BUFFALO RIVER] NEAR SECOND CREEK
General notes: Parasitic on roots of Euphorbia triangularis trees [sheet 2 showing attachment to host]. [Flowers] arising from stout tubercled, almost 4-angled underground brittle rhizome with reddish 'flesh'. Plant brown externally, tubercled and rugose, bright red or pinkish internally. Ht: 4"-6".
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0858165-0 Collector(s) & number: Bester, SP, 10105 | 2010-9-10
South Africa, Northern Cape, Richtersveld 11. 28°22'28.7" S 16°54'51.9" E.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1570154-0 Collector(s) & number: Hatt, S.A., 26 | 2023-9-27
South Africa, Western Cape, Haakgat, off Otto du Plessis Drive, Blaauwberg Nature Reserve, S of Melkbosstrand.
General notes: Study Site 4. Growing on nearby Euphorbia burmanni (Hatt 30), not on E. caput-medusae. DNA samples collected in silica and frozen on dry ice.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1570163-0 Collector(s) & number: Hatt, S.A., 35 | 2023-9-30
South Africa, Northern Cape, Farm Gemsbokvlei, ~ 30 km E of Port Nolloth.
General notes: Study Site 9. On land owned by Nick Kotze of Port Nolloth. Permission kindly granted by Nick Kotze to collect here. Under and attached to Euphorbia mauritanica (Hatt 36). Vernacular name in area is 'Ganies', meaning 'meat', in reference to the fruit of the plant which often eater by people in the area (incl. Nick Kotze of Port Nolloth when he was younger.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1570165-0 Collector(s) & number: Hatt, S.A., 33 | 2023-9-30
South Africa, Northern Cape, Farm Gemsbokvlei, ~ 30 km E of Port Nolloth.
General notes: Study Site 8. On land owned by Nick Kotze of Port Nolloth. Permission kindly granted by Nick Kotze to collect here. Vernacular name in area is 'Ganies', meaning 'meat', in reference to the fruit of the plant which is often eatern by people in the area (incl. Nick Kotze of Port Nolloth when he was younger).
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: L.1667438 | Collector(s) & number: Unknown , Unknown s.n. | 1987-09-01/1987-09-30
South Africa
Data Resource: https://ror.org/0566bfb96 View record
Barcode: L 0628065 | Collector(s) & number: Drège JF , Drège, JF s.n. |
South Africa , Western Cape
Data Resource: https://ror.org/0566bfb96 View record
Barcode: L.1667437 | Collector(s) & number: Drège JF , Drège, JF s.n. |
South Africa
Data Resource: https://ror.org/0566bfb96 View record
This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations
2019
SERIES CHAPTER
Hydnoraceae Bredenkamp, CLIn: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2)1120-1120
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
2013
SERIES CHAPTER
Hydnoraceae Snijman, DAIn: DA Snijman (ed.), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 2: The Extra Cape flora. Strelitzia 30: 31-31
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
2012
SERIES CHAPTER
Palaeodicotyledons Manning, JC; Goldblatt, PIn: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 49-50
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
1969
1966
1966
SERIES
Common names of South African plants Phillips, EP; Smith, CA; Van Hoepen, EMemoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 35: 1-642
Government Printer, Pretoria
1960
BOOK
Flora of Albany and Bathurst, The Martin, ARH; Noel, ARADept Botany, Rhodes University, Grahamstown
1950
1946
BOOK
Preliminary Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Griqualand West Wilman, MDeighton, Bell & Co. ltd.,, Cambridge
1926
PERIODICAL/JOURNAL
Hydnora africana Thunb. Phillips, EP; Badenhorst, PFlowering Plants of South Africa 6: , t.207
1844.
BOOK
On the female flower and fruit of Rafflesia Arnoldi and on Hydnora Africana. Brown, R.Mary Gunn Library
London : Taylor, 1844.
No results found for Hydnora africana Thunb.
Status and criteria
NE
Assessor(s)
Plantae Coordinator
| Part(s) of plant used | Use(s) | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Tubers | Diarrhoea (Used by: Zulu) | Hutchings, A; Scott, HA; Lewis, G; Cunningham, AB (eds). 1996. Zulu medicinal plants: an inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. [All rights reserved] |
| Unspecified | Throat inflammation (Body part: Throat) | Hutchings, A; Scott, HA; Lewis, G; Cunningham, AB (eds). 1996. Zulu medicinal plants: an inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. [All rights reserved] |
| Unspecified | Throat inflammation Use as an astringent. (Body part: Throat) | Watt, JM; Breyer-Brandwijk, MG. 1962. The medicinal and poisonous plants of southern and eastern Africa: Being an account of their medicinal and other uses, chemical composition, pharmachological effects and toxicology in man and animal, 2nd ed. Livingstone, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved] |
| Unspecified | Tonsils: swollen Used as an astringent. (Body part: Tonsils) | Watt, JM; Breyer-Brandwijk, MG. 1962. The medicinal and poisonous plants of southern and eastern Africa: Being an account of their medicinal and other uses, chemical composition, pharmachological effects and toxicology in man and animal, 2nd ed. Livingstone, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved] |
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