PLANTAE / PHANEROGAMAE / ANTHOPHYTA / LAMIALES / SCROPHULARIACEAE / LIMOSELLEAE / POLYCARENA / AEMULANS
Diminutive annual herb c. 40-130 mm tall, stems either simple or divaricately branched from the base, glandular-pubescent, hairs c. 0.25-0.3 mm long. Leaves: lower leaves (4.5-)10-19 x 2.5-4 mm, spathulate to elliptic, with 2 pairs of teeth, teeth sometimes obscure, both surfaces glandular-pubescent; upper leaves similar but smaller, 6-15 x 1-3 mm, mostly with 1-2(4) pairs of teeth. Flowers up to 7, but mostly 3-5, in lax terminal racemes, pedicels 0.1-0.75 mm long. Bracts 4.5-9 x 0.4-1 mm, adnate almost to top of calyx, linear-oblong, entire, glandular-pubescent on both surfaces, hairs up to 0.4 mm long. Calyx 2.54 mm long, anticous lip shallowly lobed, posticous lobe 0.3-0.75 mm long, glandular-pubescent all over, hairs up to 0.3-0.4 mm long. Corolla tube 5.75-16 x 0.75 mm, pubescent, flushed with purple, limb 3-9 mm across, lobes oblong-elliptic, posticous ones 1.25-3 x 0.75-1.75 mm, anticous one 1.5-3.5 x 1.5-2 mm, all lobes cream-coloured above, weakly to strongly flushed purple below, yellow patch at base of posticous lobe and bearded there except in the smallest flowers. Stamens either 4, anticous pair well exserted, posticous pair in throat, or, in the smallest flowers, often reduced to 2 by abortion of the anticous pair, or with a third stamen, the anther much reduced, exserted; anthers of exserted stamens c. 0.25 mm long (if fully fertile), of included ones c. 0.3 mm, posticous filaments decurrent more than halfway down tube. Stigma exserted, or included in the smallest flowers. Capsules 3-3.5 x 2-3 mm Seeds c. 15 in each loculus, c. 0.75-1 mm, distinctly 3-winged. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]
Glandular-hairy annual to 13 cm. Leaves broad and coarsely toothed. Flowers few in lax racemes, often small and autogamous, cream-coloured with yellow patch at base of upper lobes, flushed purple on back and on tube, salver-shaped, tube hairy, 7-16 mm long. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Polycarena Benth. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 752-752. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
The specific epithet, aemulans, draws attention to the close resemblance of this species to P. exigua. It is particularly those plants with the smallest flowers and reduced stamens that resemble P. exigua, but they can at once be distinguished by the corolla tube, pubescent and purplish in P. aemulans, glabrous or nearly so in P. exigua and drying ochre-yellow (white when fresh?). The flowers of P. aemulans resemble those of P. gilioides in both pubescence and colouring. However, the limb is mostly smaller in P. aemulans (3-9 mm across the lateral lobes versus mostly 7.5-11 mm), the upper lip only is bearded in the larger flowers (not bearded all round the mouth) and the capsules are smaller (3-3.5 mm long versus 5-6 mm). The two species differ markedly in foliage, the leaves of P. aemulans being broad in relation to their length (spathulate, mostly 1-3 mm broad), those of P. gilioides narrow (linear, mostly 0.5-1 mm broad; the 2-4 lowermost leaves should be ignored as they are broad in many species of Polycarena). Plants of P. gilioides look leafier than those of P. aemulans because of the presence of dwarf axillary shoots (absent in P. aemulans). From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]
Polycarena aemulans grows in sandy places among rocks or in depressions in rocks. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]
Sandy places among rocks. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Polycarena Benth. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 752-752. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
It has been recorded from Van Rhyn's Pass in the Bokkeveld mountains west of Vanrhynsdorp, the Pakhuis mountains near Clanwilliam, and the south Cedarberg, a linear range of roughly 100 km. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]
Bokkeveld Mtns to Cold Bokkeveld. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Polycarena Benth. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 752-752. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
August to October
305 to 700 m
This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations
Occurrence in the Flora of Southern Africa (FSA) countries and South African provinces. Residence status indicates if a taxon is indigenous, endemic, naturalised or invasive in a specific region. This data is based on specimen records and literature
FSA
SA
BOT
NAM
ESW
LES
WC
EC
NC
FS
GA
KZN
LP
MP
NW
Absent
Indigenous
Endemic
Naturalised
Invasive
Names and Sources
Polycarena gilioides auct.
Classification
KINGDOM Plantae
SUBKINGDOM Phanerogamae
PHYLUM Anthophyta
ORDER Lamiales
FAMILY Scrophulariaceae
TRIBE Limoselleae
GENUS Polycarena
SPECIES aemulans
16 results for Polycarena aemulans Hilliard
Barcode: PRE0839241-0 Collector(s) & number: Goldblatt, P, 10288 | 1995-9-5
South Africa, Northern Cape, Calvinia District: Nieuwoudtville Escarpment. Papkuilsfontein Farm.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1482457-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 2837 | 2018-8-2
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein. Swartruggens. 60 km NE of Ceres.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG0205137-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 128 | 2005-9-14
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein. Swartruggens, 60 km NE of Ceres. 32°53.891'S. 19°33.466'E.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0117094-0 Collector(s) & number: Schlechter, FRR, 550 | 1896-8-23
South Africa, Western Cape, PAKHUISBERG
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG0205957-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 78 | 2005-8-31
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein, Swartruggens. 32°53.901'S: 19°38.316'E.
General notes: Fynbos biome. Vegetation type: Mountain fynbos. Well-drained, rocky and sandy soil. Sandstone. Full sun. No slope. No biotic effect seen. Herb. Flowers cream with yellow centre and purplish reverse, also purple tube. Glandular, hairy in all parts, sticky. Flowers: present. Fruit: absent. Plant height 8cm.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0878017-0 Collector(s) & number: Bester, SP, 16457 | 2021-9-17
South Africa, Western Cape, Hopefield District. Open field between R45 and Hopefield cemetary. 33.063889°S 18.3575°E.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG0191470-0 Collector(s) & number: Stobie, MS, 5 | 2001-1-15
South Africa, Western Cape, Groenfontein. Zeekoegat 137. West of Riet Rivier. Lat: 32°55'S, Long: 19°32'E.
General notes: Fynbos. Restioveld. Hill slope. Bare rock. Well-drained sand, sandstone. Slope gentle. Partial shade. Aspect: E. Biotic effect: none seen. Annual. Flowers pale yellow. Leaves green and plant very sticky. Fruit present but not ripe. Plant height: <0.1m. Locally abundant, growing close to Protea glabra.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1482458-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 2830 | 2018-8-3
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein. Swartruggens. 60 km NE of Ceres.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0139400-0 Collector(s) & number: Schlechter, FRR, 8614 | 1896-8-23
South Africa, Western Cape, PAKHUISBERG
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1573305-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 3378 | 2020-10-12
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein Swartruggens. 60 km N E of Ceres.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG0272368-0 Collector(s) & number: Helme, NA, 7328 | 2011-8-20
South Africa, Western Cape, Matsikamma Mountain, Op de Berg 314.
General notes: Fynbos biome. Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos vegetation. Plateau. Well-drained, sandy soil. Sandstone. Full sun. No slope. No biotic effect seen. Herb. Flowers cream. Plant height 0.02 m. Fairly common in shallow soils, often seasonally damp mossy areas.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1488094-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 2933 | 2018-9-20
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein, Swartruggens. 60 km NE of Ceres.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG0272509-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 1587 | 2011-9-5
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein, Swartruggens, 60 km NE of Ceres. 32°53'13.0" S; 19°37'32.1" E.
General notes: Fynbos biome. Arid mountain fynbos vegetation. Ridge. Bare rock, under shallow layer of soil. Sandy soil. Sandstone. Shade. No slope. SE aspect. Herb. Flowers cream with deep yellow throat & mauve tube. Glandular hairy stems, sepals & leaves. leaves bigger below. Fruit absent. Plant height 6 cm.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG0208415-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 25 | 2005-8-9
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein, Swartruggens. 32°49'6.93" S; 19°37'6.16" E.
General notes: Fynbos biome. Mountain Fynbos vegetation. Mountain peak. Well-drained, sandy, rocky soil. Sandstone. Partial shade. No slope. No biotic effect seen. Herb. Cream-coloured, 5 petal flowers. Plant height 5 cm.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1573308-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 3282 | 2020-8-25
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein Swartruggens. 60 km N E of Ceres.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NBG1482445-0 Collector(s) & number: Jardine, I, 2895 | 2018-9-4
South Africa, Western Cape, Knolfontein. Swartruggens. 60 km NE of Ceres.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations
2012
SERIES CHAPTER
Scrophulariaceae: Polycarena Benth. Manning, JC; Goldblatt, PIn: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 752-752
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
1994
No results found for Polycarena aemulans Hilliard
Status and criteria
LC
Assessor(s)
Plantae Coordinator
GENERIC
Clarke, C.B. 1902. Cyperaceae. Edited by W.T. Thiselton-Dyer. Flora of Tropical Africa. L. Reeve. 8:266-524
GENERIC
Clarke, C.B. 1904. Gesneraceae. Edited by W.T. Thiselton-Dyer. Flora Capensis. Lovell Reeve & Co., Ltd.. IV Section II (Hydrophyllaceae to Pedalineae):437-447
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clarke, C.B. 1908. New genera and species of Cyperaceae. Kew Bulletin. Add. Ser. 8:43
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claßen-Bockhoff, R., Oliver, E.G.H., Hall, A.V. and Quint, M. 2011. A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data. Taxon. 60:1138-1155
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