Nomoneura bezzii Hesse, 1975
endemic

Morphological description

Hesse (1975) described this species as follows: Head with the interocular space on vertex consistently and markedly narrow, only as broad as, or scarcely broader than, interocular space across lower margin of buccal cavity, the inner margins of eyes thus converging above and below; antennae consistently stoutish, with segment 3 usually stoutish and clubs elongate, usually more amphoriform; proboscis longish or very short. Wings with the apex of first posterior cell much more narrowed, either very angularly subtending on costal margin, or subtending on apical part of costal cell in such a way that the extreme apical part of the second vein becomes a short apical stalk of the first posterior cell as in the case of some other genera; hind border of wings usually markedly narrowish and in at least apical half narrower or much narrower than first and third posterior cells. Abdomen with tergite 1 usually distinctly depressed discally or longitudinally so discally. Legs with the hind femora only slightly or moderately thickened; basal segment of hind tarsi usually markedly long, usually quite or nearly as long as last two tarsal segments combined. Vestiture on the whole less developed, even in males, and females sometimes almost bare; metanotum entirely bare, without even a few hairs on sides (always with much hair in Afroleptomydas); hind margin of mesopleuron and entire ptero-pleuron also entirely bare, which in Afroleptomydas are always haired to a variable extent. Hypopygium of males very similar to that of Afroleptomydas; aedeagal apparatus also three-pronged, composed of a tubular aedeagus ending apically in two phallic tubes and above these a central, dorsal process or epimere; lateral process on each side of sternite 9 however much stouter, broader, more hollowed out below, with blunter, more rounded apices and sometimes with the hollowed out lower part directed more towards inner side; sternite 9 itself more dorsoventrally compressed, more flattened lobe-like or scoop-like, not so conical or cone-shaped as in Afroleptomydas, and usually densely hairy along sides to apex.

Diagnostic description

Unknown.

Type notes

Type locality: South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Mfongosi.

Taxonomic notes

The information below was extracted from Hesse (1975): The misidentified type species Nomoneura fasciata Bezzi of the genus Nomoneura Bezzi (Mydaidae: Syllegomydainae). Bezzi (1924: 223) established this genus to accommodate five species of which three belong to an entirely different genus [Arenomydas Hesse (1969: 246)] and two to his Nomoneura. He however mistook a 6th specimen from Zululand [Mfongosi (W. Jones, December 1911)] in the South African Museum for the Midas fasciatus of Wiedemann (1828: 243) and designated it as the type species of Nomoneura. The true Midas fasciatus of Wiedemann however belongs to the genus Afroleptomydas Bequaert (olim Leptomydas). This specimen and species, with a wrong specific name, actually has no specific name and for it I propose the new specific name of Nomoneura bezzii and designate this species as the type species of Nomoneura.

Global distribution

South Africa.

SA distribution

This species is known to occur in KwaZulu-Natal, around Mfongozi area.

Movement

The information below was extracted from Cannings and Scudder (2005): Dipterans are primarily aerial insects and the mesothorax, which bears the only pair of wings, dominates the thorax - the prothorax and metathorax are greatly reduced. The legs are normally rather simple and are used primarily for perching; in some groups, they are modified for prey capture or for signalling during courtship. The tarsi are nearly always 5-segmented. The functional wings are membranous and their pattern of veins is critical in fly classification and identification. During the evolution of flies, there has been a trend towards a reduction in veins, especially in the rear half of the wing – changes that evidently relate to improvements in two-winged flight. The hindwings, present in most other insects, are reduced in Diptera to small, club-like organs, called halteres, used for stabilising flight.

Trophic level

Herbivore - Nectarivore (nectar-eating)

Trophic strategy

In South Africa, individual flies are invariably found resting on the ground or sand in open space between bushes, very frequently in paths made by animals or man (Hesse 1969).

Reproduction

Like the others, flies in the Mydidae family begin life as an egg, which hatches into a grub-like larva. Most of the fly life is spent in the larval stage, mainly eating and growing, as well as molting several times. Some flies may spend at least a year as a larva. The next stage is a pupa, during which the insect transforms into its final stage, emerging from the pupa as a winged adult, able to mate and reproduce. In many species, males stake out positions at favourable egg-laying sites and wait for females to arrive (Hesse 1969).

Behaviour

The specimens of this genus mainly collected from August to February, (with one record in March) (Kirk-Spriggs and Sinclair 2017).

Biome

Grassland.

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: Data partners records: DNA:

Residence status

Occurrence in African countries and South African provinces. Residence status indicates if a taxon is indigenous, endemic, or alien in a specific region. This data is based on specimen records and literature.

FSA

SA

BOT

NAM

ESW

LES

WC

EC

NC

FS

GA

KZN

LP

MP

NW

Absent

Indigenous

Endemic

Naturalised

Invasive

Names and Sources

No known common names.

Classification

KINGDOM Animalia

PHYLUM Arthropoda

CLASS Insecta

ORDER Diptera

FAMILY Mydidae

SPECIES bezzii

No results found for Nomoneura bezzii Hesse, 1975

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1 results for Nomoneura bezzii Hesse, 1975

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Observation records

Animal occurrence records per dataset

Animal occurrence records per year

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: Data partners records: DNA:

1924

JOURNAL ARTICLE

The South African Mydaidae (Diptera) as represented in the South African Museum.

Bezzi, M. 1924. The South African Mydaidae (Diptera) as represented in the South African Museum. Vol. 19 pp.191-234.

1969

JOURNAL ARTICLE

The Mydaidae (Diptera) of Southern Africa

Hesse, A.J.. 1969. The Mydaidae (Diptera) of Southern Africa Vol. 54 pp.1–388.

2005

WEB SERVICE

The True Flies (Diptera) of British Columbia

Cannings, R.A., Scudder, G.G.E.. 2005. The True Flies (Diptera) of British Columbia. University of British Columbia.

2017

BOOK

Manual of Afrotropical Diptera

Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley, Sinclair, Bradley. 2017. Manual of Afrotropical Diptera Vol. 2. Pretoria, South Africa. South African National Biodiversity Institute.

2021

WEBSITE

Asiloid Flies: deciphering their diversity and evolutionary history

Dikow, Torsten. 2021. Asiloid Flies: deciphering their diversity and evolutionary history. National Museum of Natural History: Smithsonian.

1975

JOURNAL ARTICLE

New specific names for the mis-identified type-species of two South African Genera of the dipterous families Bombyliidae and Mydaidae: scientific note

Hesse, A.J.. 1975. New specific names for the mis-identified type-species of two South African Genera of the dipterous families Bombyliidae and Mydaidae: scientific note Vol. 38(1). Cape Town. Entomological Society of Southern Africa pp.123-124.