Manulea virgata Thunb.
LC Indigenous Endemic

Morphological description

Shrublet, stems c. 250-450 mm long, erect, ascending or decumbent, woody at base and there up to c. 4 mm diam., herbaceous above, well branched, densely pubescent, hairs up to 0.3-0.6 mm long, either all glandular or mixed with acute hairs, leafy throughout. Leaves opposite, bases connate, becoming alternate above as they pass imperceptibly into floral bracts, blade c. 7-27 x 5-16 mm, broadly elliptic or sometimes ovate, apex ± acute, base cuneate and passing into a petiolar part c. 3-16 mm long (roughly length of blade), margins coarsely serrate, doubly so in larger leaves, both surfaces pubescent, hairs up to 0.3-0.6 mm long, either all gland-tipped or mixed with few to many acute hairs. Flowers many in long lax delicate terminal thyrses, either solitary or in few-flowered (up to 11) dichasial cymules. Bracts (lowermost) always leaflike, c. 6-21 x 3-10 mm including the short petiole. Peduncle or pedicel (lowermost) c. 0.5-11 mm long. Calyx obscurely bilabiate, tube 0.1-0.3 mm long, anticous lobes 2-2.6 x 0.4-0.5 mm, posticous lobes 2-2.5 x 0.3-0.4 mm, lanceolate, pubescent all over, hairs up to 0.3-0.4 mm long, acute, small glandular hairs also present. Corolla tube 4.25-5.5 x 0.8-1 mm in throat, cylindric, inflated at apex, limb distinctly bilabiate, 6.8-7 mm across lateral lobes, posticous lobes 3-3.5 x 0.8-1.1 mm, anticous lobe 2.75-3.2 x 0.75-1 mm, all lanceolate, acute, margins revolute, yellow turning brown, yellow/orange patch in back of throat, pubescent outside, hairs up to 0.2 mm long, inside 4 longitudinal bands of clavate hairs in throat. Stamens 4, anticous anthers 0.3-0.5 mm long, tips just visible in mouth, posticous anthers 0.6-0.8 mm long, included, posticous filaments bearded. Stigma 1-1.5 mm long, longer than style, included. Style 0.2-0.8 mm long. Ovary 1-1.2 x 0.6-0.8 mm. Capsules 2.5-3.5 x 1.5-2.5 mm, glandular-puberulous. Seeds c. 0.5-0.6 x 0.3-0.4 mm, pallid. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]

Densely hairy, erect shrublet to 45 cm. Leaves toothed. Flowers in lax, delicately arranged cymules, bilabiate, tube inflated above, lobes narrow, yellow with orange patch in back of throat, turning brown. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Manulea L. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 745-747. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Diagnostic description

The plant bears a strong superficial resemblance to M. ovatifolia (itself confounded with M. turritis) but that species has longer hairs on stem and leaf (up to 0.6-1.2 mm), longer corolla tube (6-7.2 mm), mostly broader lobes (1.1-1.5 mm), only a few hairs in the throat, and the stigma shorter than or about equalling the style. Manulea virgata is very closely allied to M. stellata. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]

Habitat

It is probably a constituent of scrub on rocky sites. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]

Rocky slopes in scrub. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Manulea L. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 745-747. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Distribution

Manulea virgata seems to be common in the mountains thereabouts and ranges as far east as the northern Cedarberg and south to Muis Hoek Berg (Olifants River Mountains?). From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved]

N Cedarberg and Olifants River Mtns. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Manulea L. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 745-747. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Flowering time

August to October

Altitude

915 to 1100 m

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: BODATSA: Data partners records:

Residence status

Occurrence in the Flora of Southern Africa (FSA) countries and South African provinces. Residence status indicates if a taxon is indigenous, endemic, naturalised or invasive in a specific region. This data is based on specimen records and literature

FSA

SA

BOT

NAM

ESW

LES

WC

EC

NC

FS

GA

KZN

LP

MP

NW

Absent

Indigenous

Endemic

Naturalised

Invasive

Names and Sources

Accepted name
Manulea virgata Thunb.
Synonym(s)

Manulea exaltata Benth.


Classification

KINGDOM Plantae

SUBKINGDOM Phanerogamae

GENUS Manulea

SPECIES virgata

2 results for Manulea virgata Thunb.

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Specimen records

Barcode: PRE0125010-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 19649 | 1958-8-22

South Africa, Western Cape, CLANWILLIAM DIV.; GRAAFWATER; 3.5 MI. E. BY N. OF GRAAFWATER.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0235366-0 Collector(s) & number: Pillans, NS, 8600 | 1938-10-25

South Africa, Western Cape, MUIS HOEK BERG; PIQUETBERG DIV.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Plant occurence records per dataset

Plant occurence records per year

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: BODATSA: Data partners records:

2012

SERIES CHAPTER

Scrophulariaceae: Manulea L. Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P

In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 745-747

South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria

1994

BOOK

The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae Hilliard, OM

Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh

1904

FLORA CHAPTER

XCV. Scrophulariaceae Hiern, WP

In: WT Thiselton-Dyer (ed.). Flora Capensis 4(1-3)121-420

Lovell Reeve & Co., London

1836

BOOK

Vol. 1 Hooker, WJ

Curtis, London

1800

BOOK

Prodromus plantarum Capensium: Quas in promontorio Bonæ Spei Africes, annis 1772-1775, Vol. 2 Thunberg, CP

Joh. Fr. Edman, Uppsala

No results found for Manulea virgata Thunb.

Status

Status and criteria

LC

Assessor(s)

Plantae Coordinator

Bibliography

GENERIC
Kativu, S. 2008. Alliaceae. Edited by J.R. Timberlake and E.S. Martins. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens. 13 (Part 1):89-95

GENERIC
Kativu, S., Hoell, G., Bjora, C.S. and Nordal, I. 2008. Athericaceae. Edited by J.R. Timberlake and E.S. Martins. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens. 13 (Part 1):34-89

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kativu, S. and Nordal, I. 1993. New combinations of African species in the genus Chlorophytum (Anthericaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany. 13:59-65

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keay, R.W. 1958. Randia and Gardenia in West Africa. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de l'État à Bruxelles. 28:15-57

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