Tree 4-8 m high with all parts glabrous; sap milky. Leaves opposite, sub-coriaceous, glossy dark green above, paler below, oblong to oblong-oblanceolate, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute to acuminate, 9-17 cm long and 3.5-6 cm broad; secondary nerves indistinct, 11-17 on each side, widely spreading; petiole 5-12 mm long. Stipules united into a short tubular sheath 2 mm long. Inflorescence corymbose, dense; peduncle stout, 3-7 cm long; bracts ovate acute 4-5 mm long. Flowers white, fragrant, fairly large, up to 2.5 cm in diameter, thick textured; pedicels 3-6 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, 4-5 mm long; sepals 5, imbricate free almost to the base, rotundate; margin minutely fimbriate; glands present at the base of each sepal. Corolla salver-shaped; tube spindle-shaped to urceolate 8-10 mm long, thickest below the middle, glabrous, thickened within the throat; lobes ovate-oblong, 10-12 mm long, auriculate at the base, overlapping to the left, margin crisped. Stamens 5, inserted just below the middle of the tube, subsessile with the filament reduced to a callus swelling; anthers lanceolate, sagittate, 5-6 mm long, narrowly acuminate, the apices at the throat of the corolla or slightly exserted. Disc consisting of a raised ridge. Ovary of two free carpels, glabrous; style columnar, compressed, broader towards the apex, 4-5 mm long; stigma thickened, cylindric, grooved, with an entire or lobed projecting rim at the base. Fruit of 2 mericarps spreading at 180°; mericarps baccate, coriaceous, ellipsoid to oblong, 4.5-5.5 cm long and 2.5-3 cm thick, surface smooth or wrinkled, not warty. Seeds numerous, embedded in a fleshy pulp, ovoid-triquetrous, 9-11 mm long, brown, deeply grooved ventrally, surface slightly wrinkled; endosperm fleshy, ruminate. From: Codd, LEW. 1963. Apocynaceae. Fl. S. Africa 26: 244-296. Dept. Agric. and Technical Services, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Small or medium tree, (2-)4-8(-15) m high. Leaves oblong, 90-170 x 35-60 mm; petioles 5-12 mm long; stipules fused into caducous tube 2 mm long. Inflorescences of contracted cymes; peduncle stout, 30-70 mm long. Flowers salver-shaped, white, somewhat fleshy. Corolla tube narrowly urceolate, 8-10 mm long; lobes twisted, 10-12 mm long, basally auriculate, margins crisped. Stamens with filaments small, swollen; anthers lanceolate, sagittate, conniving apically at tube mouth. Gynoecium apocarpous, bicarpellate. Style ± ending at anther base, apex swollen and cylindrical. Flowering time Sept., Oct. Fruit a pair of fleshy follicles diverging horizontally, fused at base, ellipsoid, 45-55 x 25-30 mm, surface smooth. From: Nicholas, A; Glen, M; Shuttleworth, A; Bester, SP. 2019. Apocynaceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(1): 321-417. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Tree, 4-8 m high. Corolla tube up to 3.5 mm in diameter. Calyx 4-5 mm long. Fruit ± smooth or wrinkled, not warty. Flowers white Flowers white. From: Retief, E; Herman, PPJ. 1997. Plants of the northern provinces of South Africa: Keys and diagnostic characters. Strelitzia 6: 1-681. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Found in the coastal forests of Natal, often in dense shade. From: Codd, LEW. 1963. Apocynaceae. Fl. S. Africa 26: 244-296. Dept. Agric. and Technical Services, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Riverine woodland, coastal scrub, evergreen forest, alt. 0-850 m. Indian Ocean Coastal Belt. From: Nicholas, A; Glen, M; Shuttleworth, A; Bester, SP. 2019. Apocynaceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(1): 321-417. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
Dense shade. From: Retief, E; Herman, PPJ. 1997. Plants of the northern provinces of South Africa: Keys and diagnostic characters. Strelitzia 6: 1-681. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]
From north-eastern Transvaal. Specimens apparently referrable to this species have been seen from Melsetter, southern Rhodesia, and the neighbouring mountainous area of Portuguese East Africa. From: Codd, LEW. 1963. Apocynaceae. Fl. S. Africa 26: 244-296. Dept. Agric. and Technical Services, Pretoria. [CC BY]
November
0 to 850 m
This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations
Occurrence in the Flora of Southern Africa (FSA) countries and South African provinces. Residence status indicates if a taxon is indigenous, endemic, naturalised or invasive in a specific region. This data is based on specimen records and literature
FSA
SA
BOT
NAM
ESW
LES
WC
EC
NC
FS
GA
KZN
LP
MP
NW
Absent
Indigenous
Endemic
Naturalised
Invasive
Names and Sources
Conopharyngia rutshurensis De Wild.
Conopharyngia usambarensis (K.Schum. ex Engl.) Stapf
Conopharyngia ventricosa (Hochst. ex A.DC.) Stapf
Tabernaemontana usambarensis K.Schum. ex Engl.
| Common name | Language | Reference/barcode | Published as |
|---|---|---|---|
| bospaddaboom | Afrikaans | Nicholas, A; Glen, M; Shuttleworth, A; Bester, SP. 2019. Apocynaceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(1): 321-417. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. | |
| bospaddaboom | Afrikaans | Van Wyk, AE; Van den Berg, E; Coates Palgrave, M; Jordaan, M. 2011. Dictionary of names for southern African trees. Briza, Arcadia. | |
| forest toad tree | English | Nicholas, A; Glen, M; Shuttleworth, A; Bester, SP. 2019. Apocynaceae. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(1): 321-417. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. | |
| forest toadtree | English | Van Wyk, AE; Van den Berg, E; Coates Palgrave, M; Jordaan, M. 2011. Dictionary of names for southern African trees. Briza, Arcadia. | |
| small-fruited toadtree | English | Van Wyk, AE; Van den Berg, E; Coates Palgrave, M; Jordaan, M. 2011. Dictionary of names for southern African trees. Briza, Arcadia. | |
| ukhamamasane | Zulu | Van Wyk, AE; Van den Berg, E; Coates Palgrave, M; Jordaan, M. 2011. Dictionary of names for southern African trees. Briza, Arcadia. | |
| umhlambamasi | Xhosa | Van Wyk, AE; Van den Berg, E; Coates Palgrave, M; Jordaan, M. 2011. Dictionary of names for southern African trees. Briza, Arcadia. | |
| umkhahlu | Zulu | Van Wyk, AE; Van den Berg, E; Coates Palgrave, M; Jordaan, M. 2011. Dictionary of names for southern African trees. Briza, Arcadia. |
Classification
KINGDOM Plantae
SUBKINGDOM Phanerogamae
PHYLUM Anthophyta
ORDER Gentianales
FAMILY Apocynaceae
SUBFAMILY Rauvolfioideae
TRIBE Tabernaemontaneae
GENUS Tabernaemontana
SPECIES ventricosa
72 results for Tabernaemontana ventricosa Hochst. ex A.DC.
Year
Barcode: PRE0341103-0 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 2255 | 1954-3-28
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, HLABISA DIST.; WOME
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0086074 Collector(s) & number: Ward, MC, 1530 | 1986-5-28
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Ngoye Forest Reserve.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0074556-0 Collector(s) & number: MacDevette, 252 | 1981-11-20
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Hlongweni Forest.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341101-0 Collector(s) & number: Boswell, J, PRE 50727 | 1931-7-
South Africa, Limpopo, NORTH-EASTERN TRANVA; SHINGITSI RES.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341104-0 Collector(s) & number: Fair, CB, FD 7719 | 1930-11-1
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PORT DURNFORD FOR
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0115749 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 9966 | 1986-9-24
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Amanzimtoti: Ilanda Wilds.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0115000 Collector(s) & number: Ngwenya, AM, 845 | 1991-9-12
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Natal Herbarium Garden.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341111-0 Collector(s) & number: Wells, MJ, 9 | 1961-2-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, MTUNZINI DIST.; NGOYA FOR.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0798759-0 Collector(s) & number: Fair, CB, FD 7721 | 1930-10-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PORT DURNFORD FOR
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0741174-0 Collector(s) & number: Kok, PDF, 1261 | 1988-12-1
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, ESHOWE GAME PARK; PARK-LIKE AREA FRINGED BY FOREST.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0069054-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 9885 | 1970-7-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Umtamvuna bridge.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341107-0 Collector(s) & number: Codd, LEW, 1858 | 1946-10-9
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, ESHOWE DIST; FOR. ADJOINING ESHOWE
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0799845-0 Collector(s) & number: Poynton, RJ, PRF 17965 | 1983-11-11
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Zululand: Mtunzini: Twinstreams.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0070752-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 8775 | 1969-7-13
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Zwati, Noodsberg. Kloof Forest.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0069055-0 Collector(s) & number: Wells, MJ, 9 | 1961-2-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Mtunzini, Ngoye Forest.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339103-0 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 2454 | 1954-12-5
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, HLABISA DIST.; FALSE BAY
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339097-0 Collector(s) & number: Mills, AP, 60 | 1967-8-4
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, DURBAN; BOT. GARDENS
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0660803-0 Collector(s) & number: Van Wyk, AE, 3290 | 1979-12-11
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PENNINGTON; UMDONIPARK
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0353568-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 8775 | 1969-7-13
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, ZWATI; NOODSBERG; KLOOF
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341113-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 9885 | 1970-7-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, UMTAMVUMA BRIDGE
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0057082-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 7509 | 1967-6-23
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, In Kloof Forest Zwati.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0867035-0 Collector(s) & number: Bester, SP, 13033 | 2015-12-5
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Mtunzini District. Amatikulu Nature Reserve.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0147201-0 Collector(s) & number: Bester, SP, 13033 | 2015-12-5
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Mtunzini District. Amatikulu Nature Reserve.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0057968-0 Collector(s) & number: Huntley, BJ, 734 | 1963-12-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Mtunzini District. Ngoye.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0353571-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 7726 | 1967-10-7
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PORT SHEPSTONE DIST.; SHELLY BEACH; HINTERLAND 4 MI.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0790585-0 Collector(s) & number: Van Wyk, P, BSA 589 | 1993-3-4
South Africa, Mpumalanga, Nelspruit; National Botanical Inst.; Lowveld Botanic Garden.
General notes: Botanical Garden. Single-stemmed evergreen tree 6m tall. Crown fairly dense, contains latex. Flowers fragrant, attractive, white petals folded back, crinkled.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341115-0 Collector(s) & number: Galpin, EE, 13547 | 1932-8-11
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, ESHOWE; HLANYI FOR.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341112-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 5160 | 1963-11-19
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, INANDA DIST.; INANDA BEACON HILL
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0131617-0 Collector(s) & number: Ngwenya, AM, 2257 | 2001-5-18
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Mtunzini District, Emkhunyane Village. Ngoye Forest Reserve, Ndlovini Camp c. 10m from door of Chief Ranger's house.
General notes: Tree up to c. 3m tall; Milky latex, fruit green. Biome: forest. Substrate: soil. Moisture regime: well drained. Soil type: loam. Slope: none. Notes: common. Other: IsiZulu names (inkamamasana and unokhahlu). (ZBK Project).
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0465519-0 Collector(s) & number: Durrant, P, 2 | 1975-11-1
South Africa, Mpumalanga, NELSPRUIT; 10-15 KM. FROM NELSPRUIT-MALELANE TURN- OFF, ON KAALRUG RD.,KLOOF NEXT TO RD.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0799459-0 Collector(s) & number: Fair, CB, FD 7719 | 1930-11-1
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PORT DURNFORD FOR
General notes: Det: C.L. Bredenkamp
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339102-0 Collector(s) & number: Huntley, BJ, 734 | 1963-12-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, MTUNZINI DIST.; NGOYE
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0799860-0 Collector(s) & number: Von Breitenbach, F, PRF 19660 | 1985-11-18
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Ngoye Forest.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339099-0 Collector(s) & number: Moll, EJ, 2685 | 1965-11-23
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, ESHOWE DIST; HLINZA; ESHOWE FOREST
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341114-0 Collector(s) & number: Wells, MJ, 9 | 1961-2-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, MTUNZINI DIST.; NGOYE FOR.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341110-0 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 3629 | 1960-12-10
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, HLABISA DIST.; WOME FOR.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0128955-0 Collector(s) & number: Hutchings, A, 3313 | 1993-11-19
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Ngoye. Ngoye Forest Reserve.
General notes: Vegetation type: tree. Other: small patch of forest. Plant height: 3.00m. Plant features: sweetly scented.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341117-0 Collector(s) & number: Thode, A1248 | 1927-9-
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, ZULULAND DIST.; ESHOWE
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0066004-1 Collector(s) & number: Pienaar, BJ, 70 | 1979-3-12
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Bot. Gdns. Dbn. [Botanic Gardens, Durban].
General notes: Indigenous.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0066004-2 Collector(s) & number: Pienaar, BJ, 70 | 1979-3-12
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Bot. Gdns. Dbn. [Botanic Gardens, Durban].
General notes: Indigenous.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341116-0 Collector(s) & number: Wood, JM, 5487 | 1894-10-30
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, INANDA
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341118-0 Collector(s) & number: Sim, TR, 19868 | 1903--
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, ZULULAND DIST.; ESHOWE
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0756865-0 Collector(s) & number: van Wyk, E, 685 | 2003-6-22
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Ngoye Forest, Mtunzini area.
General notes: Conf.: S.P. Bester, 19/03/2004.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0615413-0 Collector(s) & number: Leeuwenberg, AJM, 11022 | 1976-3-30
South Africa, Mpumalanga, KOMATIPOORT; KM 10 MALELAAN-KAALRUG ROAD KLOOF, GALLERY FOREST IN WOODLAND
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339101-0 Collector(s) & number: Moll, EJ, 3326 | 1966-8-23
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PINETOWN DIST; KRANTZKLOOF NAT. RES
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0669853-0 Collector(s) & number: Hildyard, CJ, 154 | 1980-1-25
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, MELMOTH DIST.; NGOYE FOREST.; FOREST EDGE ON ROAD TO AMAZAMNYAMA MISSION
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0514920-0 Collector(s) & number: Buitendag, EL, 1157 | 1978-4-4
South Africa, Mpumalanga, KAAPMUIDEN; 12 KM. ON KAALRUG RD. FROM TURNOFF ON MAIN NELSPRUIT/MALELANE RD. MAGNESITE, turnoff c 4km from Kaapmuiden at Magnesite sign.
General notes: In open kloof. Gradual slope. Tall trees and many climbers. Green & ripe fruit. Glossy dark foliage.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339104-0 Collector(s) & number: Moll, EJ, 1589 | 1965-2-9
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, LOWER TUGELA DIST.; GLENMILL
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341106-0 Collector(s) & number: Fair, CB, FD 7721 | 1930-10-16
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PORT DURNFORD FOR
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341119-0 Collector(s) & number: Wylie, JM, TRV 34225 | 1933-9-
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, DURBAN; GREENWOOD PARK
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0799838-0 Collector(s) & number: Forest Off. Natal, PRF 9749 | 1944-11-
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Port Durnford A.
General notes: Det: C.L. Bredenkamp
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341108-0 Collector(s) & number: Wood, JM, 5487 | 1894-10-30
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, INANDA
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0799828-0 Collector(s) & number: Kotze, PC, 16 | 1927-4-
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Eshowe Forest.
General notes: Det: C.L. Bredenkamp
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339106-0 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 5937 | 1966-12-23
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, AMANZIMTOTI; NR. OLD S. COAST RD. BRIDGE
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339098-0 Collector(s) & number: Strey, RG, 5592 | 1964-11-23
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, HLABISA DIST.; DUKUDUKU; IN VALLEY
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0985560-0 Collector(s) & number: Styles, DGA, 1246 | 2002-2-12
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Along the Bushpig stream, beneath Kloofview Rd, Krantzkloof Nature Reserve.
General notes: In primary forest along stream. Flowers sweetly scented. Branchlets with milky latex.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341105-0 Collector(s) & number: Fair, CB, FD 7720 | 1930-12-2
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, PORT DURNFORD FOR
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: NH0083157 Collector(s) & number: Gordon, I, 161 | 1984-8-29
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Eshowe-Ntumeni Area.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0341109-0 Collector(s) & number: Wood, JM, 9661 | 1904-12-14
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, UMLAZI
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0339100-0 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 5507 | 1966-3-23
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, UMLAZI DIST.; ADAMS MISSION; MAIN UMBUMBULU-WINKELSPRUIT RD.
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0800995-0 Collector(s) & number: Thode, J, 2991 | 1915-11-
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, CHAKASKRAAL
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
Barcode: PRE0353567-0 Collector(s) & number: Ward, CJ, 5891 | 1966-9-25
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, DURBAN DIST.; UMBOGINTWINI RIVER V; SW. OF JEFFEL'S HILL
Data Resource: BODATSA View record
This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations
2019
SERIES CHAPTER
Apocynaceae Nicholas, A; Glen, M; Shuttleworth, A; Bester, SPIn: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(1)321-417
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
2006
BOOK
Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Sub-Saharan Africa Klopper, RR; Chatelain, C; Banninger, V; Spichiger, RSANBI, Pretoria
2002
FLORA
Apocynaceae Part I Omino, EAFlora of Tropical East Africa Apocynaceae(1)1-109
A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam
1997
SERIES
Plants of the northern provinces of South Africa: Keys and diagnostic characters Retief, E; Herman, PPJStrelitzia 6: 1-681
National Botanical Institute, Pretoria
1963
FLORA
Apocynaceae Codd, LEWFlora of Southern Africa 26: 244-296
Dept. Agric. and Technical Services, Pretoria
No results found for Tabernaemontana ventricosa Hochst. ex A.DC.
Status and criteria
NE
Assessor(s)
Plantae Coordinator
| Part(s) of plant used | Use(s) | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Latex | Wounds (Body part: Skin) | Hutchings, A; Scott, HA; Lewis, G; Cunningham, AB (eds). 1996. Zulu medicinal plants: an inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. [All rights reserved] |
| Bark | Fever (Used by: Zulu) | Hutchings, A; Scott, HA; Lewis, G; Cunningham, AB (eds). 1996. Zulu medicinal plants: an inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. [All rights reserved] |
| Latex | Wounds: healing of (Used by: Chagga) | Burkill, HM. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 3. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [All rights reserved] |
| Latex | Sore eyes (Body part: Eye) | Hutchings, A; Scott, HA; Lewis, G; Cunningham, AB (eds). 1996. Zulu medicinal plants: an inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg. [All rights reserved] |
Coming soon...
