PLANTAE / PHANEROGAMAE / ANTHOPHYTA / LAMIALES / SCROPHULARIACEAE / LIMOSELLEAE / CHAENOSTOMA / CORDATUM

Chaenostoma cordatum (Thunb.) Benth.
LC Indigenous Endemic
Morphological description

Sprawling perennial herb, rootstock woody, up to c. 10 mm diam., branches many from the crown, of indeterminate length, laxly branched, often rooting at the nodes, softly villous, hairs up to 0.5-1.8 mm long, both acute and gland-tipped, leafy. Leaves opposite, largest blades 6-25 x 5-23 mm, ovate, broadly ovate, or sometimes broadly elliptic, abruptly contracted to a petiolar part c. 4-13 mm long, very roughly half length of blade, apex subacute to obtuse, margins crenate or serrate, both surfaces pubescent to villous, hairs up to 0.5-1 mm long, longest often on petiolar part, either with scattered glistening glands as well or these wanting. Flowers solitary in axils of leaves. Pedicels (lowermost) c. 9-25 mm long. Calyx obscurely bilabiate, tube (1-)1.5-2.25 mm long, lobes 2.5-6 x 0.7-1 mm, villous, hairs up to 0.6-1.5 mm long, some gland-tipped, glistening glands either wanting or a few on tube. Corolla tube 8-11 x 3.2-4 mm in throat, funnel-shaped, limb almost regular, 8-12 mm across, posticous lobes 2.5-4.3 x 1.8-3 mm, anticous lobe 3-5 x 1.8-4 mm, all oblong-orbicular, white, tube yellow or orange, glandular-pubescent outside, hairs up to 0.1-0.6 mm long, some scattered glistening glands as well, 3-5 longitudinal bands of clavate hairs inside. Stamens 4, anthers 1-1.3 mm long, anticous pair exserted, filaments 2.5-3.2 mm long, posticous pair in mouth, filaments 1-1.6 mm long. Stigma 0.7-1.4 mm long, exserted. Style 5.5-8 mm long. Ovary 1.2-1.4 x 0.8-1 mm, glabrous or a few glistening glands on sutures. Capsule 3-5 x 2-3 mm. Seeds c. 0.4-0.8 x 0.3-0.6 mm, amber-coloured. May flower in any month. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved] As: Sutera cordata (Thunb.) Kuntze

Perennial, softly hairy herb, with many sprawling stems, loosely branched and often rooting at nodes, length indefinite. Leaves ovate to widely elliptic, toothed and hairy. Flowers single and axillary. Corolla: tube 8-11 mm long, yellow or orange; lobes white; upper anthers in mouth. Flowering time all year. From: Smithies, SJ; Bredenkamp, CL; Magwaza, ZL. 2019. Scrophulariaceae s.l.?. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2): 1475-1538. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Sprawling, softly hairy perennial. Leaves bluntly toothed. Flower tube funnel-shaped, white with a yellow tube. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Chaenostoma Benth. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 733-735. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Diagnostic description

Sutera cordata has been much confused with S. pauciflora (one of the syntypes of that name being a specimen of S. cordata) and with S. racemosa; it is easily distinguished from S. pauciflora by its sprawling rooting branches, longer hairs on stems, leaves and calyces, longer corolla tube and white (not mauve) corolla limb. Sutera racemosa is a completely different plant, allied to S. polelensis; the name has never been correctly used in herbaria. The closest allies of S. cordata are S. glandulifera and S. impedita: see there. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved] As: Sutera cordata (Thunb.) Kuntze

Habitat

It favours partially shaded places, in forest and at their margins, or in scrub, including littoral scrub. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved] As: Sutera cordata (Thunb.) Kuntze

In coastal shady places, forests or scrub; Upper Karoo, Rainshadow Valley Karoo, Eastern Fynbos-Renosterveld, Albany Thicket, Indigenous Forests. From: Smithies, SJ; Bredenkamp, CL; Magwaza, ZL. 2019. Scrophulariaceae s.l.?. In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2): 1475-1538. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Forests and forest margins. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Chaenostoma Benth. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 733-735. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Distribution

Sutera cordata is a common plant along stretches of the Cape coast, from George in the west to East London in the east, though there appear to be no records from Algoa Bay and its immediate environs. Most records are from the coast and nearby, but the species penetrates inland to forested kloofs around Grahamstown, in the Zuurberg Pass (c. 1000 m) and on Montagu Pass across the Outeniqua Mountains. From: Hilliard, OM. 1994. The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. [All rights reserved] As: Sutera cordata (Thunb.) Kuntze

George to East London. From: Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P. 2012. Scrophulariaceae: Chaenostoma Benth. In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 733-735. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. [CC BY]

Flowering time

January to December

Altitude

0 to 10 m

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: BODATSA: Data partners records:

Residence status

Occurrence in the Flora of Southern Africa (FSA) countries and South African provinces. Residence status indicates if a taxon is indigenous, endemic, naturalised or invasive in a specific region. This data is based on specimen records and literature

FSA

SA

BOT

NAM

ESW

LES

WC

EC

NC

FS

GA

KZN

LP

MP

NW

Absent

Indigenous

Endemic

Naturalised

Invasive

Names and Sources

Accepted name
Chaenostoma cordatum (Thunb.) Benth.

Published in: Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 377 (1836)

Synonym(s)

Manulea cordata Thunb.


Sutera cordata (Thunb.) Kuntze

Published in: Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 467 (1891)


Classification

KINGDOM Plantae

SUBKINGDOM Phanerogamae

PHYLUM Anthophyta

ORDER Lamiales

FAMILY Scrophulariaceae

TRIBE Limoselleae

GENUS Chaenostoma

SPECIES cordatum

48 results for Chaenostoma cordatum (Thunb.) Benth.

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Specimen records

Barcode: NBG1474741-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 21162 | 1960-7-7

South Africa, Western Cape, Natures Valley.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126392-0 Collector(s) & number: Galpin, EE, 10685 | 1931-4-28

South Africa, Eastern Cape, ALEXANDRIA; ALEXANDRIA FOREST

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0123683-0 Collector(s) & number: Admiraal, J, PRE 39855 | 1971-5-12

South Africa, Western Cape, PLETTENBERG BAY; 8 MI. FROM PLETTENBERG BAY TO HUMANSDORP. Garden No. 16453.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0763149-0 Collector(s) & number: Klein, RG, 116 | 2002-2-4

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Van Stadens River Mouth. Alexandria forest.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474743-0 Collector(s) & number: Fourcade, HG, s.n. | 1927-10-

South Africa, Western Cape, The Wilderness

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474748-0 Collector(s) & number: Compton, RH, 19665 | 1947-7-6

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Near Alexandria. Alexandria

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474739-0 Collector(s) & number: Fourcade, HG, 5727 | 1942-8-

South Africa, Western Cape, Keurbooms River

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0125041-0 Collector(s) & number: Thode, A 2498 | 1930-5-

South Africa, Eastern Cape, HUMANSDORP DIV.; KLIPDRIFT

General notes: May-June 1930

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0125040-0 Collector(s) & number: Fletcher, 37 | 1928-10-

South Africa, Eastern Cape, BATHURST DIV.; PENINSULA FARM; C. 1 MI. FROM SEA

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0739812-0 Collector(s) & number: Gillett, JB, 1431 | 1928-10-11

South Africa, Western Cape, KNYSNA DIST.; KEURBOOM RIVER; C. 1 MILE E OF READ'S HOTEL, NEAR SEA.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0235601-0 Collector(s) & number: Archibald, EEA, 5811 | 1955-10-23

South Africa, Eastern Cape, ALEXANDRIA DIST.

General notes: Forest clearing - scrambling over grass.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0123682-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 21162 | 1960-7-7

South Africa, Western Cape, WILLOWMORE DIST.; NATURES VALLEY

General notes: Margin of forest, farily frequent. Growing in tangled masses.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474744-0 Collector(s) & number: Bayliss, RDA, 6048 | 1973-8-13

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Top of Suurberg Pass, Alexandria Dist.Eastern province.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0603435-0 Collector(s) & number: Geldenhuys, CJ, 525 | 1978-5-8

South Africa, Eastern Cape, KNYSNA; DE VASSELOT NATURE RESERVE.; GROOTRIVIER KAMPEERTERREIN.

General notes: Kruid onder bome wat 'n aaneengeslote laag vorm.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474746-0 Collector(s) & number: Barker, WF, 1509 | 1941-12-5

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Bushmans River mouth. Alexandria

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474751-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, LE, 5598 | 1957-2-1

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Kidds Beach. East London, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474753-0 Collector(s) & number: Middlemost, AJ, 1949 | 1956-12-27

South Africa, Western Cape, Noetzie. Knysna, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474757-0 Collector(s) & number: Compton, RH, 7603 | 1939-10-2

South Africa, Western Cape, Wilderness. George, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474755-0 Collector(s) & number: O'Callaghan, M, 785 | 1983-3-8

South Africa, Western Cape, Keurbooms River.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126380-0 Collector(s) & number: Tyson, W, H 12991 | 1916-4-

South Africa, Eastern Cape, PORT ALFRED

General notes: Creeping outside bush.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126388-0 Collector(s) & number: Prov. Admin., 121 | --

South Africa, Western Cape, Knysna; Goukamma Nature reserve.

General notes: Sandy soil in indigenous milkwood forest. Small plant c. 1 ft. Leaves dark green.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126340-0 Collector(s) & number: Curator Grey Coll. Herb., TRV 4240 | 1907-1-

South Africa, Eastern Cape, PORT ALFRED

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126539-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, HC, 4412 | 1962-11-28

South Africa, Western Cape, KNYSNA DIV.; KEURBOOMSTRAND; FROM VICINITY OF HOTEL TO MATJIESRIVIER

General notes: Altitude 0 - c. 200 ft. Littoral and coastal bush.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126394-0 Collector(s) & number: Galpin, EE, 182 | 1888-10-

South Africa, Eastern Cape, GRAHAMSTOWN; AMOS KLOOF; WOEST HILL

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474759-0 Collector(s) & number: Compton, RH, 10685 | 1941-4-28

South Africa, Western Cape, Wilderness. George, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126397-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, LE, 1681 | 1936-1-7

South Africa, Western Cape, Knysna; Knysna Heads

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0800937-0 Collector(s) & number: Breijer, HG, PRE 59395 | 1921-3-

South Africa, Western Cape, KNYSNA

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474756-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, HC, 4412 | 1962-11-28

South Africa, Western Cape, Keurboomstrand

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0123684-0 Collector(s) & number: Nicholson, HB, 1065 | 1971-10-16

South Africa, Eastern Cape, GRAHAMSTOWN DIST.; NEAR KENTON ON SEA; ABOVE KARIEGA RIVER

General notes: Open grasslands, in thornbush. Straggling shrubs.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474762-0 Collector(s) & number: Barker, WF, 2843 | 1943-12-29

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Leaches Bay. East London C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0862427-0 Collector(s) & number: Bester, SP, 11889 | 2014-2-24

South Africa, Eastern Cape, East London District. Kayser's Beach.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474745-0 Collector(s) & number: Barker, WF, 552 | 1939-12-30

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Fern Kloof, Grahamstown. Alexandria, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474747-0 Collector(s) & number: NBG Expedition, s.n. | 1973-6-22

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Alexandria Forest, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0123677-0 Collector(s) & number: Theron, GC, 1768 | 1955-8-30

South Africa, Western Cape, Knysna Dist.; Keurboomstrand

General notes: In shade of forest trees. Prostrate.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0123676-0 Collector(s) & number: Tyson, W, TRV 17264 | 1916-5-

South Africa, Eastern Cape, PORT ALFRED

General notes: Edge of bush near Port Alfred.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474763-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, LE, 6013 | 1959-1-9

South Africa, Western Cape, Keurbooms River. Knysna. C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474761-0 Collector(s) & number: Taylor, LE, 5598 | 1957-2-1

South Africa, Eastern Cape, Kidds Beach. East London. C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474765-0 Collector(s) & number: Middlemost, AJ, 1949 | 1956-12-27

South Africa, Western Cape, Noetzie. Knysna, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0125043-0 Collector(s) & number: Gerstner, J, 145 | 1933-11-15

South Africa, Eastern Cape, ALIWAL NORTH

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0235571-0 Collector(s) & number: Acocks, JPH, 18341A | 1955-7-4

South Africa, Eastern Cape, BATHURST DIST.; KARIEGA MOUTH

General notes: Openings in dune forest. fairly frequent.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0861156-0 Collector(s) & number: Lubbe, R, 16 | 2008-11-12

South Africa, North West, Potchefstroom. R78. Vyfhoekplotte 191.

General notes: Rand Highveld Grassland. Det note: Cultivated and cut of normal area for this species - SJS] Voucher specimen for domestic garden survey.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0827958-0 Collector(s) & number: Phillips, JFV, PRF 952 | 1925-3-

South Africa, Western Cape, Knysna District: Noetzie; along side of Noetzie River.

General notes: Det: F von Breitenbach

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474740-0 Collector(s) & number: Fourcade, HG, 1495 | 1921-10-

South Africa, Western Cape, Bitou River, near bridge.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474764-0 Collector(s) & number: Compton, RH, 23558 | 1952-6-3

South Africa, Western Cape, Witterdrift, Knysna, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0126382-0 Collector(s) & number: Britten, LL, 2433 | 1920-9-22

South Africa, Eastern Cape, BATHURST DIV.; KASOUGA MOUTH, NEAR MOUTH.

General notes: On sandy grassy slope near bush shaded in morning.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0125044-0 Collector(s) & number: Fletcher, 10 | 1926-10-

South Africa, Eastern Cape, BATHURST DIV.; PENINSULA FARM

General notes: In sea bush.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: PRE0123678-0 Collector(s) & number: Britten, LL, 478 | 1917-12-10

South Africa, Eastern Cape, BATHURST DIST.; KOWIE EAST, BASE OF HILL NEAR RIVER.

General notes: "FORGETMENOTS"

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Barcode: NBG1474758-0 Collector(s) & number: Compton, RH, 15757 | 1944-8-16

South Africa, Western Cape, Wilderness. George, C.P.

Data Resource: BODATSA View record

Plant occurence records per dataset

Plant occurence records per year

Occurrence records map

This map contains point-based occurrences at different locations

iNaturalist: BODATSA: Data partners records:

2019

SERIES CHAPTER

Scrophulariaceae s.l.? Smithies, SJ; Bredenkamp, CL; Magwaza, ZL

In: CL Bredenkamp (ed.), A Flora of the Eastern Cape Province. Strelitzia 41(2)1475-1538

South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria

2012

SERIES CHAPTER

Scrophulariaceae: Chaenostoma Benth. Manning, JC; Goldblatt, P

In: J Manning & P Goldblatt (eds), Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region 1: The Core Cape flora. Strelitzia 29: 733-735

South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria

2005

PERIODICAL/JOURNAL

Corrigendum: New circumscription of the tribe Limoselleae (Scrophulariaceae) that includes the taxa of the tribe Manuleeae Bremer, B; Kornhall, P

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 147: 385-386

2004

PERIODICAL/JOURNAL

New circumscription of the tribe Limoselleae (Scrophulariaceae) that includes the taxa of the tribe Manuleeae Bremer, B; Kornhall, P

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 453-467

1994

BOOK

The Manuleae: a tribe of Scrophulariaceae Hilliard, OM

Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh

1904

FLORA CHAPTER

XCV. Scrophulariaceae Hiern, WP

In: WT Thiselton-Dyer (ed.). Flora Capensis 4(1-3)121-420

Lovell Reeve & Co., London

No results found for Chaenostoma cordatum (Thunb.) Benth.

Status

Status and criteria

LC

Assessor(s)

Plantae Coordinator

Bibliography

JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carter, S. 1962. Revision of Walleria and Cyanastrum (Tecophilaeaceae). Kew Bulletin. 16:185-195

GENERIC
Carter, S. 2001. Aloaceae. Edited by G.V. Pope. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens. 12 (Part 3):48-98

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