Description :

• Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs or small trees; unarmed or sometimes spinescent
• Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, petiolate or sessile, entire or serrate, dentate to variously lobed or dissected, glabrous, glandular or pubescent
• Capitula radiate, corymbose or solitary, subsessile or shortly pedunculate to scapose
• Involucral bracts uniseriate and subequal to imbricate with outer bracts gradually smaller
• Receptacle epaleate
• Ray florets female, rarely neuter; fertile or sterile; lamina short or long, yellow, white, pink, mauve, purple or blue, sometimes differently coloured on upper and lower side
• Disc florets bisexual or more often functionally male, regular, funnel-shaped or indistinctly differentiated in tube and subcampanulate limb, 5-lobed, yellow, orange or reddish
• Anthers ecalcarate, caudate; apical appendage ovate-triangular, obtuse or acute-acuminate, flat or somewhat concave; endothecial tissue polarised
• Style sterile, shallowly bifid with short apical collar of hairs; or deeply bifurcate with hairs extending down below branches, or fertile, shortly bilobed, or deeply bifurcate; hairs mamillate or sometimes acute; stigmatic areas in 2 apically confluent lines
• Cypselas homo-, di-, tri- or polymorphic; ray cypselas terete or triquetrous to 3-winged, smooth, tuberculate, aculeate or beaked, straight or curved, with or without cavities; or fruit a drupe; disc cypselas (when developed) laterally flattened with thickened margin, obovate, orbicular or elliptic
• Pappus 0

Nomenclature:

• Calenduleae
  • Cassini: 161 (1819)
  • Nordenstam: 372 (1994)

Distribution & Notes:

• Global : Genera 8, mainly southern Africa, but also tropical and North Africa, Atlantic islands, southern and central Europe, SW and W Asia, east to Afghanistan
• Southern Africa : Genera 8, species 88

References:

• CASSINI, A.H.G. DE. 1819. In Journal de physique, de chimie, d'histoire naturelle et des artes 88
• NORDENSTAM, B. 1994. Tribe Calenduleae . In K. Bremer, Asteraceae , cladistics and classification . Timber Press, Oregon

Resources:

• Key to Asteraceae tribes
• Key to Calenduleae genera

• Calenduleae genera: